宁夏西海固地区包虫病传播动力学的调查.pdf

3万方数据宁夏医科大学硕士学位论文摘要I宁夏西海固地区包虫病传播动力学调查摘要目的:宁夏西吉、海原和原州区(简称西海固地区)是两型包虫病(囊型包虫病和泡型包虫病)的重灾区,其流行时间长且控制效果不理想,给当地人民的健康和经济发展造成严重危害。本研究为了揭示棘球绦虫在该地区的传播动力,并通过多因素分析找出人群暴露于虫卵所致易感性增加的风险因素,有的放矢地设计预防措施保护高流行区居民的健康成长。方法:家畜调查采用两种方法:直接摘录屠宰厂检疫记录(2008/9年);现场检查个体屠宰家畜内脏的方法(2012年)。用PCR方法检测犬粪中棘球绦虫DNA。用ELISA法检测B超筛查阴性的青少年儿童血清中抗棘球绦虫特异性IgG抗体(反映周围环境棘球绦虫卵的污染)。用ADAMU-AE及ADAMU-CE试剂盒检测病人及正常人血清中特异性抗棘球绦虫抗体。,χ2检验比较不同组间率的差异,P<。结果:在西吉县,2008/9年牛、%/%%/%,两年感染率间的差异无统计学意义;2012年调查家畜结果均为阴性。西海固地区,在检查的2175份犬粪中,细粒棘球绦虫(-DNA)%、%%;多房棘球绦虫(-DNA)%、%%。在检查的5706份人血清中,%、%%;%、%%。ADAMU-%,%,;ADAMU-%,特异性为100%。万方数据宁夏医科大学硕士学位论文摘要II结论:从终末宿主(犬)感染率和人血清抗体阳性率(非生活史中间宿主)可以证明两型棘球绦虫在该地区的传播流行非常活跃。而家庭屠宰模式会扩大细粒棘球绦虫卵的污染范围,90%居民用未经无害化处理的犬粪施肥可能是导致包虫病在这一地区流行的主要传播危险因素之一。ADAMU-AE和ADAMU-CE的高特异性可以用来确诊早期包虫病病人。关键词:宁夏回族自治区,棘球绦虫传播动力,家畜内脏检查,犬粪PCR,青少年儿童,血清抗体酶联免疫吸附试验万方数据宁夏医科大学硕士学位论文AbstractIIITheinvestigations of the transmission dynamics of usspecies in XHG-areas of NingxiaAbstractObjectives: Xiji, Haiyuan counties and Guyuan district (referred as XHG areas), are a high incidence of the twotypes of osis (AE and CE), its popular time is long and the control effect is not ideal, which significantly impacted on local public health and economicdevelopment. Theobjective of thisstudyis to reveal the transmission dynamics of usspeciesin XHG areas. In addition, risk factors of susceptibility to infections in adolescents influenced by the eggs usspeciesare identified by multivariate analysis. This is the important information for targeting at preventive measures to protect young people healthy growth in XHG areas. Methods:The visceral inspection of the animal intermediate hosts in 2008/9 and in 2012. PCR method for dog copro-DNA detection and ELISA assay for discovery of the sero-antibodies against -antigens amongst ultrasound negative teenagers (caused by egg-ingestion indicating the