初中英语语法知识点.docx

初中英语语法知识点.docx动 词
I。 动词的时态 :
动词的时态一共有 16 种，以 ask 为例 ,将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下：
现在时
过去时
将来时
过去将来时
一般
ask / asks
asked
shall/wl/will be asked
8
过去完成时
had been asked
4
过去将来时
should/would be asked
9
将来完成时
will/would have been asked
5
现在进行时
am/is/are being asked
10
含有情态动词
can/must/may be asked
的
被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加 not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构 be
going to， used to, have to, had better变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态
. 如：
Trees should not be planted in summer。 / The boy was made fun of by his classmates。
Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl。
注
汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如：
It is believed that
It is generally considered that
It is said that
意
It is well known that
It must be pointed out that
It is supposed that
It is reported that
It must be admitted that
It is hoped that
事
下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如
:
The window wants/needs/requires repairing。
The book is worth reading twice.
项 The door won't shut。 / The play won ’ t act. The clothes washes well。 / The book sells well.
The dish tastes delicious。 / Water feels very cold。
下面词或短语没有被动态：
leave， enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal， contain, last, lack, fit， fail ， have, appear， happen, occur， belong to, take place, break out, come about， agree with, keep up with, consist of， have on, lose heart等等