白细胞和免疫系统.ppt

白细胞和免疫系统
第1页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Blood
hem/o and hemat/o
plasma - 55%
formed elements - 45%
serum - plasma without om tissue spaces and return to it to the blood
transport materials (nutrients, hormones and oxygen) to body cells
carry away waste products to the blood
transport lipids away from digestive system
control of infection
第12页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Lymph System
Lymph originates in blood plasma
Interstitial fluid
cleans and nourishes body tissues
collects cellular debris, bacteria
return to blood or lymph capillaries
第13页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Lymph Nodes
located in lymph vessels
small round or oval structures (filters)
depositories for cellular debris
bacteria and debris phagocytized
第14页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Lymph Nodes
inside are masses of tissue which contain WBCs (lymphocytes)
almost always grouped 2 or 3 to 100
invading cells destroyed in nodes and often swell as an indicator of the disease process
第15页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Spleen
sac-like mass of lymphatic tissue
filter for lymph
phagocytic cells
hemolytic
第16页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Thymus
lymphatic tissue
mediastinum
primary role: changes lymphocytes to T cells for cellular immunity
第17页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Tonsils
masses of lymph tissue designed to filter tissue fluid, not lymph
located beneath certain areas of moist epithelium exposed to outside and hence to contamination
any or all may become so loaded with bacteria that the pathogens gain dominance
should not be removed unless absolutely necessary.
第18页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
Antigen-Antibody Reactions
Antigen - any substance that the body regards as foreign (virus, bacterium, toxin)
Antibody - a disease fighting protein developed by the body in response to the presence of an antigen
Antigen-antibody reaction or immune reaction
第19页，共38页，编辑于2022年，星期五
WBCs for Immune Reactions
monocytes - type of lymphocytes
formed in bone marrow/transported where needed by body
become macrophages
macrophage - phagocytic cell that protects body by ingest