M3 Unit 3 Grammar and Usage
宾语补足语
一.英语的五种根本句型构造:
① S 十 V 主谓构造 He runs quickly.他跑得快.
② S 十 V 十 P 主系表构造 The也可以用不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句来充当。一般情况下,宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。值得注意的是:think, find, consider, feel, make, take等动词应使用先行it代替宾语,it后面应接宾补,而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部 (精品文档请下载)
I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings。(精品文档请下载)
I think it very important to attend this meeting。
We all thought it a pity that you couldn’t join us.(精品文档请下载)
注意:在这种构造中,宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词;常用于这种构造的动词有: feel, find, think, make, take, judge, consider 等。(精品文档请下载)
【小结】
1、宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后. 宾语+宾语补足语=〉复合宾语。
2、可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、如今分词和过去分词。
3、能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。
4、主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中是主语,相应的宾补就成为主补。
常跟宾语补足语的动词:
第一类, 感官动词, 所接的宾补可以是不带to的动词不定式,也可以是如今分词或过去分词.
feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look at(精品文档请下载)
I saw him cross/crossing the road. =〉 He was seen___________/ ____________ the road.(精品文档请下载)
但句子变为被动语态时,不定式的to要复原。
第二类, 使役动词,所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词。如:let, have, get, make, would like, want等。(精品文档请下载)
This makes people know the importance of protecting the environment. (精品文档请下载)
If you are back, will you please make yourself known to me?(精品文档请下载)
The machine doesn’t work. I must have it repaired right now。(精品文档请下载)
第三类, 含命名意义的动词,所接的宾补一般是名词。如:call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等。(精品文档请下载)
Call me Joe, please。 She was elected president of the company.(精品文档请下载)
第四类, v。 + sb。 + to do sth。 构造中的动词,所接的宾补一般是不定式。
这类动词有:advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish, report等(精品文档请下载)
第五类, find, keep, leave 等几个词的用法非常灵敏,后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、如今分词、过去分词等。(精品文档请下载)
We found it very difficult to solve the problem。
How can you keep them waiting for so long?
Keep the door closed.
Exercises:
一.单句改错
1。 We all elected Jason the monitor.
2. The teacher asked us not make so much noise.
3. —-—What a nice fire you have in your firepl
宾补与主谓一致 来自淘豆网m.daumloan.com转载请标明出处.