语言学与应用语言学[试卷 答案].doc

北京外国语大学 2004 年硕士研究生入学考试语言学与应用语言学专业试卷 IMPORTANT!!! All the questions are to be answered in English on the answer sheets provided . 1. Shakespeare has Juliet say : What ’s ina name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet . What do the above lines say to you about the relationship between the form (sounds) and meaning (concept) ofa word in spoken language? Explain with positive evidence as well as exceptions from the English language . (15 points) 2. How much does our language influence the way we think? How deeply do language and culture rate and influence one another? These questions about language have fascinated thinkers throughout the ages . For example , Johann Gottfried Herder and Wilhelm yon Humboldt in the German Romantic tradition regarded language asa prisma or grid spread over things in the world so that each language reflects a different worldview . Write a short essay to explain your position on this view . (35 points) 3. Is English a language that uses a ic alphabet system? Explain briefly why or why not with examples . (15 points) 4. Suppose you were given four cards , each of which had a different phoneme of English printed on it: kblI Now arrange these cards to form all the "possible" words that these four phonemes could form . Discuss what rules you have followed e up with these words . (20 points) 5. Paraphrase each of the following se