1 择偶标准: 50 年变迁及其原因分析徐安琪内容摘要:本文以上海、哈尔滨两城市 3000 多个已婚男女的样本资料证实,健康和老实可靠始终是各年代最重要的择偶标准,表明人们对婚姻的基本要求仍以稳定、长久为主导。由于非正常年代贬损物质需求、压抑人性欲望的影响,学历、职业、收入、住房等社会经济条件和容貌、身材等生理条件,在以往几十年的入选率甚低,只是在 80 年代后才倍受重视。择偶取向回归模型的分析结果未支持以往文献“年长者和职业层次较低者在择偶时更关注对方的经济条件”以及“青年人择偶时的经济考虑减少但更看重可以转化为物质的潜能”的假设,对已婚者目前的择偶标准与当初理想择偶取向的比较研究也显示经济考虑有所强化。作者认为“生存环境越接近现代化,人们越看重浪漫爱情”是超越国界的总趋势,但这并非意味着择偶标准的经济取向与感情取向的相互对立。 Using the data from a survey conducted in Shanghai and Harbin Cities, the present article employs regression model to identify the most important mate-selection preferences. The findings show that health and loyalty have been the most significant standards for young Chinese to choose their potential spouses during the past several decades, indicating that Chinese people still value the stability and long-lasting of marriage. However, since late 1980s ’, people began to pay more attention to socioeconomic and physical conditions, including educational and occupational background, e and housing conditions, as well as outward appearance, which had been not seriously considered before. The results did not find any evidence to support the previous studies which hypothesized that people who are over marriageable age and have a lower occupational status generally gave more consideration to economic features of the potential mates and that young people paid more attention not to recent economic status but to the potential
