紧缩结构研究.pdf

湘潭大学
硕士学位论文
紧缩结构研究
姓名:曾雄伟
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:汉语言文字学
指导教师:李伯超
20070501
摘要


紧缩结构是汉语言中一种常见而又很有特色的语法结构,它是由两套谓词性
结构压缩了某些成分,且内部含有明显的逻辑关系的复核结构构成。紧,是紧凑,
指没有了结构中间的语音停顿;缩,是压缩了其中的某些句法成分。紧缩结构作
为汉语言中的一类特殊的句法结构,有其自身的特点,但又和其它的句法结构一
样,具有充当造句构件的功能。它在句子中可以充当主语、谓语、宾语等成分。
紧缩结构加上适当的语调还可以单独成句,即我们常见的紧缩句。
关于紧缩结构,前人讨论得最多的是它单独成句的功能,即紧缩句的研究。
学者们从紧缩句的定义、类型、语义、归属等不同的角度,对紧缩句进行了深入
的研究,并取得了一定的成果。而对于紧缩结构的探讨,到目前为止还不多见,还
留有很大的研究空间。
本文拟从紧缩结构的性质和特点入手,通过紧缩结构与连动结构、兼语结构
等的比较,以形式和内容等作为标准来界定紧缩结构;其次从紧缩结构的语法功
能以及逻辑、语义等类型来分析其内部和外部的语法关系;最后探讨了紧缩结构
的语用价值,特别是经济价值以及对话题选择与建构的影响等等。

关键词:紧缩结构;语法功能;类型;语用价值












I
Abstract

Contracted structure, mon and peculiar grammatical phenomenon in Chinese,
is made up of two pair of predicate structures, and in which exist distinct logic
relations. “Jin” means “compact” and refers that there exists no ic stop in the
structures; “Suo” refers that ponents are contracted. As a kind of special
syntactic structure in Chinese, contracted structure has its own characteristics, but, just
as other syntactic structures, it also functions as sentence-ponent, such as
subject, predicate, object etc. Contracted structure can e a sentence by itself, .
abbreviated sentence, when it is read with appropriate tone.
The former researches on contracted structure mainly fall upon its being a
sentence by itself, . the researches on abbreviated sentence. The researchers study
abbreviated sentence from its definition, type, semantic meaning and its ownership and
they have achieved a lot. But still there have a lot to study on contracted structure.
The author of present thesis, starting with the nature and characteristics of
contracted structure, applies the criterion of form and content to define contracted
structure by contrasting it with essive structure and concurrent structure, then
analyzes its inner and outer grammatical relationship from the grammatical function,
logic and semantic aspects