系统性红斑狼疮的护理.ppt

系统性红斑狼疮的护理叶娜 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 主要内容?概念?病因及发病机制?临床表现?治疗新进展?护理措施?健康教育?狼疮脑病的预防及护理要点 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 概念?系统性红斑狼疮( systemic lupuerythematosus , SLE )是一种弥漫性、全身性自身免疫病,主要累及皮肤粘膜、骨骼肌肉、肾脏及中枢神经系统,同时还可以累及肺、心脏、血液等多个器官和系统,表现出多种临床表现;血清中可检测到多种自身抗体和免疫学异常。 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 病因及发病机制? ?(1)遗传因素?(2)环境因素?(3)雌激素? ,可能是外来抗原引起人体 B细胞活化。 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 临床表现??活动期病人多有疲乏、发热、体重下降等全身症状??约 80% 病人有皮肤损害。常于颜面、四肢等暴露部位出现对称性皮疹。典型者面颊及鼻梁部位可见不规则的水肿性鲜红或紫红色蝶形红斑,少数呈盘状红斑。部分病人可有光过敏现象,口腔黏膜有反复发作性无痛性溃疡,遇冷后出现雷诺现象等。 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 临床表现??约 85% 病人有关节疼痛,指、腕、膝关节最常见,表现为不对称的间歇性多关节痛,偶有指关节变形。部分病人伴有肌痛,有时出现肌炎。? ?多数患者可出现,多表现为肾小球肾炎,出现蛋白尿及尿镜检异常,约 10 %表现为肾病综合症。发展至晚期可出现高血压、尿毒症,可因肾衰导致死亡。 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 临床表现? 5.