英语48个国际音标.docx

音位分为元音和辅音两类，所谓元音，是指发音时声带振动，气流通过口腔不受阻碍的音，英语共有20个元音；而不论声带是否振动，气流通过口腔受到阻碍的音位是辅音，英语共有24个辅音。
1、元音分为单元音和双元音
单元音根据发音时舌面隆起部位位置 jar, after the bath
I like to pass through the garden park.
Far from eye, far from heart.（眼不见，心不烦）
2、/ɔ/：后元音，短元音，发音时，口张大，先发/a:/音，然后双唇稍稍收圆，即可发成/ɔ/音，发音练习07:47
on, off, hot ,want, doctor, foreign.
cotton socks , borrow a clock, a pocket watch.
The coffee is top quality.
When the shop was robbed, everybody was shocked.
3、/ɔ:/：后元音，长元音，发音时，舌后部抬得比/ɔ/略高，双唇也收得更圆，更小，发音练习08:32
always, or, law, before, caused, daughter
all in all, more and more, a short story.
Paul’s four and can walk and talk.
The storm draws near-we ought to go indoors.
4、/u/：后元音，短元音，发音时，双唇收圆，稍向前突出，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿，舌后部向软腭抬起，发音练习09:25
full, look, wood, foot, woman, sugar
push and pull, good books, by hook or by crook,
The cook cooks good food.
The woman stood for as long as she could.
5、/u:/：后元音，长元音，发音时，双唇比/u/收得更圆，更小，向前突出，舌后部比/u/抬得更高，发音要有一定长度，口腔肌肉要始终保持紧张状态，发音练习10:20
to, who, lose, group, music, fruit
a blue balloon, an afternoon in June huge rooms.
The news is too good to be true.
That rule is useful once in a blue moon.
第三单元 后元音(10:53)
1、/ʌ/：中元音，短元音，发音时，舌后部稍抬起，舌尖抵住下齿，开口程度与/æ/相似，双唇向两边平伸，发音练习11:15
up, under, cut, does, young, enough
much honey, lucky in love, just for fun.
Well begun is half done.(良好的开端是成功的一半)
Mother told the funny story just for fun.
2、/ə:/：中元音，长元音，发音时，舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起，牙床开得较窄，双唇扁平，发音练习
12:04
her, girl, first, turn, work, prefer
a dirty shirt, the third world, the worst person.
The German girl prefers a purple shirt to a blue one.
The early bird catches the worm.(早起的鸟捉得到虫/捷足者先登)
2、/ə/：中元音，短元音，发音时，舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起，比/ə:/略低，牙床开得比/ə:/稍大一些，发音练习12:53
about, polite, forget, river, woman, potato
bread and butter, salt and pepper, again and again.
The teachers will get together tomorrow.
Do you prefer the cinema or theatre?
上面我们学习了12个单元音，现在我们来学习英语的8个双元音。双元音分合口双元音和集中双元音。
第四单元 合口双元音(13:42)
1、/ei/：双元音，发音时，口形由/e/向/i/滑动，发音过程中下腭向上合拢，舌位也随之稍稍抬高，发音练习14:02
age, pla