英语语言学基础知识.docx

英语语言学基础知识
英语语言学基础知识
一、绪论语言学的定义语言的定义语言学的研究范畴语言的甄别特征
几对基本概念
(2) a large amount of communication is

英语语言学基础知识
英语语言学基础知识
一、绪论语言学的定义语言的定义语言学的研究范畴语言的甄别特征
几对基本概念
(2) a large amount of communication is carried out in speech than in writing
What is linguistics? 什么是语言学？ (3) speech is the form in which infants acquire their native language
Language and parole 语言与言语 Linguistics is generally defined as
the scientific study of language. It studies not any particular language, but
languages in general. 语言学是对语言科学地进行研究的学科。语言学所要
研究的不是某一种特定的语言，Language refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. 而是人类所有语言的特性。 Parole refers to the realization of language in actual use The scope of linguistics 语言学研究的范畴 Competence and performance 能力与运用 Phonetics语音学\Phonology音系学\Morphology形态学\Syntax句法学\Semantics语义学\Pragmatics语用学Chomsky defines competence as the ideal users’ knowledge of the rules of his language


\Sociolinguistics社会语言学\Psycholinguistics心理语言学\Applied linguistics应用语言学 Performance: The actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.
Prescriptive vs. descriptive 规定性与描述性 What is language? 什么是
语言？ Descriptive：A linguist