高二英语语法总结.doc

高二重中之重:定语从句,虚拟语气,非谓语动词,被动语态其次:名词性从句,情态动词~~ 定从:一看先行词,二分析从句句子结构,三选关系代词或关系副词虚拟语气注意谓语动词时态的变化非谓语动词,抓住一点: 现在分词,主动进行;过去分词,被动完成被动语态, 记住大的结构 BE+ 动词过去分词。不同时态的被动语态结构变化都体现在 be 动词上。。。表语从句 :用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 :关联词+简单句 : (1) 从属连词 that 。如: The trouble isthat Ihave lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。(2) 从属连词 whether, as, asif。如: Helooked just ashehad looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question iswhether they will beable tohelp us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。注:从属连词 if一般不用来引导表语从句,但 asif却可引导表语从句,如: All this was over twenty years ago, but it's asifitwas only yesterday. 这都是 20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词 be, seem, look 等。如: Itlooked asifitwas going torain. 看起来天要下雨了。(3) 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why 。如: The problem iswho wecan get toreplace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question ishow hedid it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning onreaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。解释: because 可引导表语从句。如: Ithink itisbecause you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 “建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。 should+ 动词原形表示, should 可省略。如: Mysuggestion isthat we(should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。(2 )主语从句 :用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 :关联词+简单句 : (1) 从属连词 that 。如: That they were intruth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。(2) 从属连词 whether 。如: Whether he’e here isn ’tclear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3) 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why 。如: What she did isnot yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened isnot clear toanyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。 es e. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are ismyhome ---- myonly home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家---- 我唯一的家。解释: it作形式上的主语。常以 it作形式主语的句型有: +be+ 形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that 从句。如: Itiscertain that she will dowell inher exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 Itisprobable that hetold her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 +be+ 名词词组(no wonder, anhonour, agood