英语构词法-合成法.ppt

Grammar 构词法( Word Formation ) 构词法构词法: 合成(Compounding) 派生法(Derivation) 【前缀/后缀】转化法(Conversion) 【词性转换】 chair + man —— chairman mother + land —— motherland class + room —— classroom super + market —— supermarket -er ( ……的人) ? farm — farmer ? make — maker ? prison — prisoner ? design — designer ? cook — cooker ? post — poster ? face n.—— face v. ? book n.—— book v. ? park n.—— park v. (1)合成名词构成方式例词名词+名词 weekend 名词+动词 daybreak 名词+动名词 handwriting 名词+及物动词+ er/ or pain-killer 名词+介词+名词 editor-in-chief 动词+名词 typewriter 动名词+名词 reading-room 现在分词+名词 flying-fish 形容词+名词 gentleman 副词+动词 outbreak 介词+名词 afternoon 代词+名词 she-wolf 合成词的种类及构词方法(2)合成形容词构成方式例词名词+形容词 snow-white 名词+现在分词 English-speaking 名词+ to+名词 face-to-face 名词+过去分词 man-made 数词+名词 one-way 数词+名词+形容词 two-year-old 数词+名词+ ed five-storeyed 动词+副词 see-through 形容词+名词 high-class 合成词的种类及构词方法形容词+名词+ ed absent-minded 形容词+形容词 light-blue 形容词+现在分词 good-looking 副词+形容词 ever-green 副词+现在分词 hard-working 副词+过去分词 well-known 副词+名词 fast-food 介词+名词 downhill (3)合成动词构成方式例词名词+动词 sleep-walk 形容词+动词 white-wash 副词+动词 overthrow 合成词的种类及构词方法(4)合成副词构成方式例词形容词+名词 hotfoot 形容词+副词 everywhere 副词+副词 however 介词+名词 beforehand 介词+副词 forever (5)合成代词构成方式例词代词宾格+ self herself 物主代词+ self myself 形容词+名词 anything (6)合成介词构成方式例词副词+名词 inside 在……里面介词+副词 within 在……之内副词+介词 into 进入?复合形容词是由两个或两个以上的词构成的形容词, 而且词与词之间通常有连词符号。通常在句中做定语。复合形容词的构成方式有多种,复合形容词的构成规律体现了知识之间的融汇贯通。下面介绍两种复合形容词的构成方式含有分词的复合形容词 1. peace-loving people= people who love peace 爱好和平的人 2. fine-sounding words=words which sound fine 甜言蜜语 3. soft-feeling materials=materials which feel soft 手感柔软的面料 4. good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 仪表堂堂的男士 5. hard-working students=students who study hard 刻苦读书的学生 6. hand-made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品 7. heart-felt thanks=thanks which are felt by heart 衷心的感谢 8. fast-developing industry=industry which develops fast 高速发展的产业 9. highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly 高度发达的国家 10. newly-arrived visitors=visitors who ha