介词+which-／whom的用法.doc

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三）介词＋which ／whom的用法
1．语法作用：“介词＋关系代词”在从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充定语从句
There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed．（SEFC 2A L．55）
We carefully studied the photos，in which we could see signs of plant disease．（SEFC 2A L．55）
4．介词的选择（选择介词时须考虑下列情况）
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1）介词与先行词的习惯搭配
There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth．（SEFC 2A L．55）（in与way是习惯搭配）
2）介词与定语从句中的动词，形容词的习惯搭配
These are the wires with which different machines are connected．（be connected with是习惯搭配）
The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny．（be familiar with是习惯搭配）
3）同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词，形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。
I can't remember the age at which he won the prize．
That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness．
age在前句中意为“年岁”，与at搭配；在后句中意为“时期”，与 in搭配。
4）复杂介词须保持其完整形式，常见的复杂介词有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of等。
We took a photo of rocket，the length of which was about 30me- tres．（SEFC 2A L．55）
Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other．
They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument．
5）短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，t