局解小腿lowerlimb.ppt

Lower limb
General introduction
The lower limb is divided into four parts:
Gluteal region
Thigh
Leg
Foot
Function
Support the body weight
otion
Gluteal region
Muscles
Superficial group
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fasciae latae
Deep group
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemellus superior and inferior
Quadratus femoris
Gluteal region (continue)
Nerves and vessels
Greater sciatic foramen above piriformis
Superior gluteal nerve, artery and vein
Greater sciatic foramen below piriformis
Sciatic nerve
Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Inferior gluteal nerve and artery
Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery
Pass through the lesser sciatic foramen to enter the perineum
Thigh---anterior and medial region (1)
Superficial fascia
Arteries:
Superficial epigastric artery
Superficial iliac circumflex artery
External pudendal artery
Great saphenous vein
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Cutaneous nerves
Ilioinguinal nerve
Femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve
Thigh---anterior and medial region (2)
Deep structures
Fascia lata: thick and strong laterally
Muscles:
Anterior group: quadriceps femoris and the sartorius
Medial group:
Pectineus
Adductor longus
Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Thigh---anterior and medial region (2)
Deep structures
Gap between the inguinal ligament and the hip bone (divided into two parts by iliopectineal arch)
Lacuna musculorum: laterally
Iliopsoas, femoral nerve, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Lacuna vasorum: medially
Femoral artery, femoral vein, femoral canal.
Femoral triangle
Boundaries
Contents: femoral nerve, artery, vein, canal (from lateral to medial)
Thigh---anterior and medial region (2)
Deep structures
Contents of the femoral triangle
Femoral nerve:
Muscular branch: anterior group of the thigh
Cutaneous branch:
Anterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Saphenous nerve (panies the femoral artery at thigh, and panies t