孔子天人合一思想探论.pdf.pdf

华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
孔子“天人合一”思想探论
姓名:倪妮
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:中国哲学
指导教师:赵建功
20060508
摘要
“天人合一”是中国一个古老的哲学命题,在商周至春秋时期的神人关系里就
有所体现。孔子在继承和吸收原始宗教天人思想的同时,从人道观的侧面突破了原
始天命观的限制,从而奠定了哲学天人合一观涵义的人生论基调。
本论文从对《论语》的细致解读入手,充分把握已有的研究成果,系统讨论了
孔子的“天人合一”思想,主要包括以下四个章节:
第一章,概述孔子“天人合一”思想形成的源流。主要对殷周时期神人关系所
演进的两个阶段进行阐述:殷商时期的“神权至上”阶段;西周时期的“天民互补”
阶段。
第二章,分别论述孔子思想中“天”与“人”的具体内涵。
第三章,孔子以“天命”和“人道”作为联系天人之间的纽带。
第四章,孔子将“仁”作为实现贯通天人关系的途径,通过“修己”、“安人”
的修养功夫体悟“天人合一”之境。

关键词:孔子;天人合一;天道;仁
I
Abstract
The Union of nature and man is a philosophical system with long history in China. It
had already appeared from yin dynasty and Zhou dynasty to spring and autumn before the
Confucius’ thought. Confucius through removed the traditional collections about heaven
and human being, and stressed the action of human being. So we can see that he had
constructed the new view about the union of heaven and human being.
This paper is supported by the analects of Confucius based on the research results of
predecessor, the article synthetically analyses the relationship between heaven and human
being. This article divides into four parts approximately:
PartⅠ:Introduce the origin of the union of heaven and human being. From yin
dynasty to Zhou dynasty, the relation of heaven and human being divides two stages:
Namely the “the spirit was the most revered and respected” stage in yin dynasty; “the
relation of heaven and human being plementary ” stage in west Zhou dynasty.
PartⅡ: Introduce the meaning of “heaven” and “human” respectively in Confucius’s
thoughts.
PartⅢ: Introduce “The god of destiny” and “The Dao of heaven” is a important
medium to collect with heaven and human being.
PartⅣ:Introduce humanity is the important way to collect with heaven and human
being. Mainly from practices self-cultivation and pacifies the people two aspects to
elaborate. Through this process, human can merge in the heaven.

Keywords: Confucius ; The union of heaven and human be