thinking outside the treatment plant uv for water distribution system disinfection karl g. linden论文.pdf

该【thinking outside the treatment plant uv for water distribution system disinfection karl g. linden论文 】是由【小舍儿】上传分享，文档一共【8】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【thinking outside the treatment plant uv for water distribution system disinfection karl g. linden论文 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。ArticleCiteThis:,XXX,XXX?XXXpubs./accountsThinkingOutsidetheTreatmentPlant:UVforWaterDistributionSystemDisinfectionountsofChemicalResearchspecialissue“WaterforTwoWorlds:UrbanandRuralCommunities”.??§,*,NatalieHull,andVanessaSpeight?UniversityofColoradoBoulder,Civil,EnvironmentalandArchitecturalEngineering,Boulder,Colorado80309,UnitedStates?TheOhioStateUniversity,DepartmentofCivil,Environmental,andGeodedicEngineering,Columbus,Ohio43210,UnitedStates§UniversityofShe?eld,DepartmentofCivilandStructuralEngineering,UniversityofShe?eld,She?eld,:Thisworkcriticallyevaluatesthecurrentparadigmofwaterdistributionsystemmanagementandjuxtaposesthatwiththepotentialbene?tsofemployingUVirradiation,whichwehopewillcatalyzeajudicialre-?cacyofUVdisinfectionagainstallpathogenclasses,wenowseeUVapplicationsfordisinfectioninmanyaspectsofconsumerslives:inwatercoolers,dishwashers,co?eemakers,anddisinfectionofpersonalitemslikegymbags,waterbottles,,especiallytherecentinterestinbuildingplumbing,-?ount,welayoutthelogicastothebene?,potentiallyincludingUVboosterstationsalongwork,UVinstoragetanksortheirinlet/outlets,LEDsdistributedalongpipewalls,smallpointofuse/entrytreatmentsystemsforbuildings/homes/taps,orsubmersibleswimmingorrollingUVLEDdronestoreachproblempipesandDownloadedviaIDAHOSTATEUNIVonMay1,2019at17:48:04(UTC).providea“shock”?tsofUVapplicationsinwateralsoincludehighe?ectivenessagainstchlorine-resistantprotozoa,noaddeddisinfectionbyproducts,,patiblepipematerials,implementationofsensorsSeehttps://pubs./,managementofwasteheatfromtherearsurfaceoftheLED,?eld,butneedsstillremain,includingunderstandingbehaviorofbio?lmsinpipesunderUVirradiation,includinganybene?ciale?ectsthatmaybelost,thepotentialforfoulingofLEDemissionsurfacesandmonitoringpoints,?cmonitoringapproachesandadvancesinreal-timemonitoringofmicrobialviability,andengineersmayneedtodevelopnewapproachestooverallmanagement.■INTRODUCTIONadvancedtreatmentplanttechnologiesareinuse,waterqualitypromisedduetoagingmultibarrierpublichealthprotection,fordeliveringsafedrinkingwaterfromthetreatmentplanttotheplaceswhereReceived:February1,2019peoplelive,eat,,evenwhenthemost?XXXXAmericanChemicalSocietyADOI:.,XXX,XXX?(numberofpliancenumbercountrymonitoringfrequencydisinfection?1000m3/dayyear)scaledtoNLpopulationsourceNetherlands26samplesperyearperN1330305(NL)2000m3/dayEngland12per5000populationY161284021(***@150L/person/day)US12per1000populationY308065a42920(***@400L/person/day)aUnderUSEPAregulations,aviolationmayincludemultiplepositivetotalcoliformsamples,,13Aswaterinfrastructurecontinuestovulnerabilitytocontaminationand,wherechlorineisusedasaageanddeteriorateandundergorepair,thenumberofphysicalresidual,disinfectantdecayandformationofdisinfectiondefectsinpipes,storagetanks,andvalveswillcontinuetogrowbyproducts(DBPs)(OPs),suchasLegionella,arenowhavebeenthefocusfordisinfection,urringetiologyinwaterbornediseasesystemsdistributingnondisinfectedwaterdirectlytoconsum-,urrenceandde?(whetherinoneofmorestagesoftreatment),isoftenandcontrollingcontaminationininternalbuildingplumbingisplishedusingchemicaloxidantslikechlorineandozone,increasinglyafocuswithinthewaterindustry,althoughorusingphysicalinactivationlikeultraviolet(UV),materialsSecondarydisinfection,whichwillbeconsideredinthispaperofconstruction,ountabilityforwaterqualitybecauseasthedisinfectionthattakesplaceinthedistributionsystem,isthewaterutilityresponsibility,ingeneral,endsatbuildingtypicallyprovidedbychemicaloxidants,withapersistentconnectionlocation(oftenthewatermeter).residualtoprovideprotectionaswatertravelsfromtreatmentBeyondpathogens,,includingmetalsanddisinfectionbyproductsIntheUS,%ofthepopulationreceive(DBPs),areregulatedwithindistributionsystemsbecauseofwaterwithasecondarydisinfectant,1whichisrequiredforall2,-relatedconstituentsofdistributiontrendintheUSforthefuturewilllikelybetoincreasesystemwaterquality,ingincreasinglyapparentthatdisinfectionand/,,,ratherthanasHowever,?lmanditsassociatedwithoutasecondarydisinfectant,eitherfromgroundwaterorextracellularpolymericsubstances(EPS)playastrongrolesurfacewatersourcesrenderedbiostableviatreatment,umulationandmobilizationofmetalsandotherherlands,Germany,andSwitzerland5,6soontaminantslikenitrate,oftenresultingintheprecedentforsecondarydisinfectant-freewaterhasalreadydiscolorationandwaterqualityviolationswhenthebio?,metalsofconcernindrinkingwaterdistributionThecontrolofpathogensinwaterdistributionisofprimarysystems,includingiron,manganese,lead,andcopper,,in?uencedbymicrobialactivityviamicrobiallyinducedtreatmentde?ciencieshaveresultedincarryoverofpathogenscorrosionandothermetabolicactivitieswithinthebio?lm,intothedistributionsystemwithwidespreadillness,plexandpoorlyunderstoodsoitthecryptosporidiosisoutbreakinMilwaukee,Wisconsin,,increasingly,arboninthewaterisconsumedbeencausedbydistributionsystemfailuresincludingcross-andtransformedthroughchemicalandmicrobiologicalconnectionswithnonpotablewatersystems,,Disinfectionbyproductsareformedwhenchemicaldis-?suchasstoragetanks,,predominantlychlorine,,,urrenceandspeciationofDBPsarestronglyin?uenceddurationanddi?culttoconclusivelylinktoaspeci?cbymicrobialactivitywithinthedistributionsystembecauseBDOI:.,XXX,XXX?XXXAccountsofChemicalResearchArticlebio?lmscancontributeadditionalDBPprecursormaterial,17asbetweenpotableandnonpotablesystems,,theformationofthecurrentlyregulatedGiventhepotentialbene?tsassociatedwithmanagingchlorinatedDBPsiscontrolledandthuschloraminationhasmicrobialgrowthwithinwaterdistributionsystemsandpliancestrategyforDBPregulations,buildings,andthedisadvantagesassociatedwithchemicalalthoughchloraminationisalsoassociatedwithnitrite,nitrate,secondarydisinfectants,,thepresenceofdisinfectiontoplaywithinthedistributionsystem?Ifmicrobialpositionofthegrowthandpathogenscouldbebettermanagedwithinchloraminescanserveasanutrientsourceformicrobialdeterioratinginfrastructurethroughrelativelylow-costretro?tcommunities,andintheextreme,microbiallymediatedUVsolutions,couldthee?ectiveassetlifebeextended?Thisountexaminesthebene?ts,pitfalls,?cationisanimportantpartofevaluatehowUVdisinfectioncouldbeappliedatdi?erentdistributionsystemmanagementforchloraminatedsystemsscalesandindi?■ENVISIONINGDISTRIBUTIONSYSTEMMANAGEMENTWITHNOVELUVAPPROACHESherlands,whichdoesnotuseachemicalsecondarydisinfectant,areLightemittingdiodes(LEDs)%,(Table1).ScaledbyAdvantagesofUVLEDs,asidefromlackinghazardousherlands,EnglishwatermercurycontainedinconventionalUVlamps,includenearlypliancerateusingsecondaryinstantaneouspoweringon,abilityforunlimitedcycling,longlifespans,,for2013,-,pliancewouldequateteristics,andcircuitryamenabletosolarpower,makeUVLEDsanatural??erencesmakeitdi?,thisdatadoesindicatethatUSAnotherkeyadvantageofUVLEDsistheabilitytoselectdistributionsystems,,(LP)?KrClexcilamp(anothernovelUVsource)todemonstrateingelectricale?ciencyrivalingthatofcurrentmercury-basedplexanddi?(MP)polychromaticlamps,whilealleviatingsecondarydisinfectant,umulationofoxidizablematerialdisadvantagesofMP,suchaslargeelectricalrequirements,atthepipewall,includingcorrosionbyproductsaswellasvisiblelightproductionthatincreasesfoulingandphotorepair,bio?lm,