词汇学名词解释,复习提纲.docx

第一章: A word can be defined as a fundamental unit of speech and a minimum free form; with a unity of sound and meaning, capable of performing a given syntactic function
The development of English Vocabulary. ①Old English (OE) (449-1100)OE is chracterized by the frequent use pounds. Some pounds involving alliteration have survived in Modern 85% of OE words are no longer in use.②Middle English (1100-1500)ME is characterized by the strong influence of French following the Norman Conquest in 1066.(law and governmental administration)③Modern English (1500-the present)
The rapid growth of present-day English vocabulary and its causes:A. marked progress of science and technology(software, hardware)-economic, political and cultural changes(credit card, fringe benefit, pressure cooker)C. influence of other cultures and languages(maotai, sputnik)
classification of English words according to different criteria 1. By origin :native words and loan words。Native words(Anglo-Saxon origin of OE) Loan words(borrowed from other language)
features of basic word stock: -forming to form collocations. level of usage(1) Common words: stylistically neutral, appropriate in both formal and informal writing and speech(2)Literary words:chiefly used in writing, especially in books written in a more elevated style, in official