48个国际音标.doc

国际音标(英语语音)
元音单元音前元音[i:] [i] [e] [æ]
中元音[Λ] [ə:] [ə]
后元音[u:] [u] [):] [)] [a:]
双元音开合双元音[ei] [ai] [)i] [əu] [au]
集中双元音[iə] [εə] [uə]
辅音爆破音清辅音[p] [t] [k]
浊辅音[b] [d] [g]
摩擦音清辅音[f] [s] [∫] [θ] [h]
浊辅音[v] [z] [з] [ð]
破擦音清辅音[t∫] [tr] [ts]
浊辅音[dз] [dr] [dz]
鼻音(浊辅音) [m] [n] [ŋ]
舌则音(浊辅音) [l] [r]
半元音(浊辅音) [w] [j]
48个国际音标
[i:] [i] [ə:] [ə] [i:][i] [u:][u][a:] [Λ] [æ] [e]
[ai] [ei] [ɔi] [iə] [εə] [uə][əu] [au]
[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] [f] [v][s][z] [t∫] [dз] [∫] [з] [θ] [ð] [ts][dz][tr][dr]
[m] [n] [ŋ] [h]
[r] [l] [w] [j]
英语国际音标共48个,其中20个元音,20个辅音,3个鼻音,2个半元音,3个似拼音。
元音: 12个单元音
长元音[i:] [ə:] [ɔ:] [u:] [a:]
短元音[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [æ] [e]
8个双元音
[ai] [ei] [ɔi] [iə] [ɛə] [uə] [əu] [au]
辅音:10对
清辅音[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [tʃ] [ʃ] [θ] [ts] [tr]
浊辅音[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ʤ] [ʒ] [ð] [dz] [dr]
鼻音:
[m] [n] [ŋ]
似拼音:
[h] [r] [l]
半元音:
[w] [j]
关于语音的几个概念:
音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素。
音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。
元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分。英语中有20个元音。
辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音
开音节:
1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine
2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello
闭音节:
1)辅音+元音+辅音:sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head
2)元音+辅音如: it is of in on up out ant
A chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house.
A mouse is in the cat’s mouth.
A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea
字母组合与发音
一、元音