基于动态特性的高速列车轮对结构参数影响分析.docx

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论文题目：基于动态特性的高速列车轮对结构参数影响分析
摘要：
高速列车作为现代交通工具的代表，其轮对结构参数的精度和稳定性对安全、舒适、经济和环保等方面都有着重要的影响。本文通过分析轮对结构参数对高速列车动态特性的影响，探讨了轮对结构参数与高速列车运行性能之间的关系，并提出了一些具体的改进建议。
在研究中，通过建立高速列车轮对模型，采用ANSYS有限元软件对其动态特性进行仿真分析，分析不同结构参数对轮对动态特性的影响。研究结果表明：轮对材料、轮径、轮对压力以及轴承刚度等轮对结构参数对高速列车运行表现影响显著。其中，轮径（包括轮径的增加和减小）会直接影响列车的行驶稳定性和轮偏差，降低了列车的行驶速度和平稳性；轮对压力的增加会使轮胎驱动力增强，从而提高列车的加速度和速度，但同时也会增加横向力和轴承承载能力的要求；而轮对材料和轴承刚度则对列车的平衡度和稳定性有着较大的影响。因此，在设计和优化轮对结构时，需要综合考虑各个参数之间的互相影响，确保轮对结构精度和稳定性的达到最优。
针对研究结果，本文在保证轮对结构平衡度和稳定性的前提下，提出了以下改进措施：采用高精度的材料并根据列车的实际运行情况选择适当的轮径，增加轴承刚度以提高列车的平衡度和稳定性；加强轮对的制造过程管理和质量监控，确保轮对的运行效能和寿命。通过以上改进措施，可以有效提高高速列车的运行性能和安全性，同时也有利于减少对环境的影响。
关键词：高速列车、轮对结构参数、动态特性、安全性、环保性
Abstract:
As a representative of modern transportation tools, the accuracy and stability of the wheel-set structure parameters of high-speed trains have an important impact on safety, comfort, economy and environmental protection. Based on the analysis of the influence of wheel-set structural parameters on the dynamic characteristics of high-speed trains, this paper explores the relationship between wheel-set structural parameters and the running performance of high-speed trains, and proposes some specific improvement suggestions.
In the research, by establishing a high-speed train wheel-set model and using ANSYS finite element software to simulate and analyze its dynamic characteristics, the influence of different structural parameters on the wheel-set dynamic characteristics is analyzed. The research results show that the wheel-set material, wheel diameter, wheel-set pressure and bearing stiffness parameters have a significant impact on the running performance of high-speed trains. Among them, the wheel diameter (including the increase and decrease of wheel diameter) directly affects the stability of the train and wheel deviation, which reduces the speed and stability of the train; the increase of wheel-set pressure can increase the driving force of the wheel tire, thus improving the acceleration and speed of the train, but it will also increase the requirement of lateral force and bearing carrying capacity; The wheel-set material and bearing stiffness have a significant impact on the balance and stability of the train. Therefore, in the design and optimization of wheel-set structure, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the mutual influence of various parameters, and ensure the precision and stability of the wheel-set structure to achieve the best performance.
Based on the research results, this paper proposes the following improvement measures under the premise of ensuring the balance and stability of the wheel-set structure: using high-precision materials and selecting appropriate wheel diameters according to the actual operation of the train, increasing the bearing stiffness to improve the balance and stability of the train; strengthening the manufacturing process management and quality control of the wheel-set to ensure its operational effectiveness and service life. The above improvement measures can effectively improve the running performance and safety of high-speed trains, and also conducive to reducing the impact on the environment.
Key words: high-speed train, wheel-set structural parameters, dynamic characteristics, safety, environmental protection.