Chapter 13 Figurative idioms隐喻成语 Figurative idioms隐喻成语 Idioms: complex lexical item which is longer than a word form but shorter than a sentence, and which has a meaning that cannot be derived from a knowledge of ponent parts. “authentic idioms”(正宗的): idioms containing metaphors core of idioms idiomatic phrases or idiomatic expressions Eg. to help a lame dog over the stiles(栅栏) a dog in the manger(牛槽) between the devil and the deep sea 猜猜看: Roger: No, there's nothing wrong here, it's just I feel like a square peg in a round hole. 格格不入,不适合 When he realized what he had done, he hung his head. 感到羞愧 比较: He is in trouble他现在麻烦大. He is up a gum They love very much since they met two months ago. They love to pieces since they met two months ago. Summary: Metaphors enable people to be more expressive, imagic , interesting and accurate. 形象性,意象性,趣味性,精确性 classifications of figurative idioms semantic classification of figurative idioms语义分类 syntactic classification of figurative idioms 句法分类 semantic classification of figurative idioms语义分类 From the perspective观点 of pragmatics语用论 Collins COBUILD Dictionary of Idioms: 26 fields: P. 384 Common figurative idioms: 人体隐喻 航海隐喻 农业隐喻 运动隐喻 生活隐喻 军队隐喻 P. 384-386 猜猜看什么意思? Knit one’s brows 忧虑,烦恼 Speak with one’s tongue in one’s cheek 说话无诚意 Keep one’s chin up 不气馁,振作精神 Work one’s fingers to the bone 拼命地干活
