中 美 欧 日建筑抗震规范地震作用对比研究.docx

Classified Index: TU362 :624
Dissertation for the Master Degree in Engineering
THE SEISMIC PARISON BETWEEN CHINESE, AMERICAN, EUROPEAN AND JAPANESE SEISMIC DESIGN CODES FOR BUILDINGS
Candidate: Li Hui
Supervisor: Prof. Xie Lili,Academician of CAE
Vice supervisor: Prof. Zhai Changhai Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Engineering Speciality: Structural Engineering
Affiliation: School of Civil Engineering
Date of Defence: June,2011
Degree-Conferring-Insitution: Harbin Institute of Technology
摘 要
地震严重损害着人类的生命财产安全。我国幅员辽阔,地震频发,历次地震灾区人民的生命财产损失和房屋破坏都十分严重。减轻地震灾害的最有效的措施就是进行工程结构的抗震设防,抗震设计规范是进行工程设防的主要依据。美洋地震带上,但其在历次地震的死亡人数较少,房屋破坏情况较轻。欧洲国家的建筑在地震中也表现出了很好的抗震性能。因此将我国抗震规范与美国、欧洲、日本等发达国家进行对比,对促进我国抗震规范更好的借鉴国外先进的科研成果和实践经验,完善我国土木工程措施, 保障人们的生命和财产安全会有较大的推进作用。
本文主要比较了中国、美国、欧洲、日本抗震设计规范地震作用相关规定, 包括以下三方面:
1、比较了各规范地震危险性区划、场地分类方法、抗震设防水准和目标、结构重要性分类、抗震设计方法等地震作用的基本规定,分析其地震危险性区划方法和抗震设防思想的差异,及各规范场地类别进行对应关系。
2、对相同重现期地震作用、相似场地条件下的弹性反应谱了比较,分析了四本规范在相同地震危险性条件下结构地震力取值水平的高低;通过相同重现期地震作用下、相似场地条件下 RC 框架结构基底剪力系数对比,研究了四本规范在相同地震危险性条件下 RC 框架结构设计地震力取值;并在介绍了中、美、欧、日楼层位移限值的基础上,提出了计算抗震设计严格性评价指标,对四本规范关于计算抗震设计的严格性差异进行了比较分析。
3、以具体的 RC 框架结构为例,比较了依据各规范得出的楼层地震力的分布、楼层剪力和层间位移的大小,对比分析了该 RC 框架模型按各规范计算的抗震设计的严格性差异。
关键词:建筑抗震设计规范;地震作用;抗震设计方法;基于计算抗震设计严格性评价指标
Abstract
The safety of human life and property was severely impaired in the past earthquakes. China is vast in territory, but also a earthquake-prone country. In the past years, great losses were suffered in the earthquake-attacked areas. The most effective method to avoid these losses is civil engineering protection measures, which is mainly reflected by the seismic design code. The United States and Japan are stated in the Pacific seismic belt which is a very active seismic region, but their deaths is much fewer and structure destruction is more slight than China. The houses in European countries also showed good seismic performance under the earthquakes. Therefore, parison of seismic design codes between China, the United States, Europe