某货车车架轻量化设计-毕业论文.doc

某货车车架轻量化设计-毕业论文.doc某货车车架轻量化设计
摘要
本文针对东风汽车公司设计生产的EQ1290W重型车进行车架设计,结合工程理论和实际,从静态和模态两方面对该重型车车架的力学性能进行了评估,并完成了该车架的结构参数轻量化设计,研究内容包括:
(1)进行车架设计;
(2)采用CATIA和ANSYS软件建立了该车架基于壳单元的有限元模型, 分别对满载弯曲和满载扭转两种典型工况下的车架静强度进行了计算与分析;
(3)开展了该车架的有限元模态分析,给出了该车架结构的前十阶固有频率和模态振型;
(4)利用ANSYS的参数化优化方法对车架进行了结构优化设计,在保证刚度和强度的前提下,达到了轻量化的目的。
本文的研究工作对企业在重型车的设计检验、改造和优化等方面具有重
要的参考价值和指导意义。
关键词:车架轻量化设计有限元法 Ansys软件结构分析优化设计Design of
a Truck Frame Lightweight
Abstract
With the EQ1290W heavy vehicle frame as design, the FE(finite element) analyses were performed to investigate its static and dynamic characteristics, and
further a reasonable project for light-weight design was put forward. In the present thesis, the following works were mainly carried out.
(1)Design the frame;
(2)The 3D FE model of the EQ1290W vehicle frame was built through the CAD/CAE software of CATIA and ANSYS, and the static strength analyses were carried out for the vehicle frame under two work conditions, . bending and torsion;
(3)The dynamic characteristics of the vehicle frame were analyzed through the FE method, and further the first ten vibration modes;
(4)In order to reach the aim of light- weight,the vehicle frame was optimized through the module under stiffness and strength constraints;
The research work in this thesis is very helpful for the improvement of the heavy vehicle structure design and optimization.
Key Words:frame, light-weight design, FEA, ANSYS software, structure
analysis, optimized design
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第 1 章绪论 1
本课题研究的目的和意义 1
国内外研究现状概述 2
本文主要研究内容 3
第 2 章车架设计 5
设计目标车辆主要参数 5
车架结构的确定 5
车架结构形式的设计 6
车架宽度的确定 6
车架纵梁形式的确定 6
车架横梁形式的确定 6
车架纵梁与横梁连接型式的确定 7
车架的受载分析 7
静载荷 8
对称的垂直动载荷 8
斜对称的动载荷 8
其它载荷 8
弯曲强度计算时的基本假设 9
轴荷分配 9
纵梁的弯矩和剪力的计算 10
车架材料的确定 12
纵梁截面特性的计算 13
弯曲应力计算与校核 13
临界弯曲应力的计算和校核 13
横纵梁尺寸 14
纵梁 14
横梁 14
连接板 14
CATIA三维实体建模 14
本