俾斯麦的对外政策.ppt

Bismarck’s Foreign Policy俾斯麦的对外政策俾斯麦韬光养晦的外交政策对中国在崛起过程中减少外部阻力有很好借鉴意义
Bismarck’s Foreign Policy Aims before 1870
Make Prussian influence greater than Austria’s amongst the German States (nations – as they were before 1870)
Contain the hostility of France (which had increased as Prussia’s influence over the German States had increased)
Bismarck’s Foreign Policy Aims for 1871 onwards
Maintain the status quo (keep things the same): meaning that:
For B, the kleindeutsch settlement of 1871 was final
his primary aim was to prevent external events from disrupting what he had achieved
Bismarck’s Foreign Alliances
Three Emperors’ League 1873
- Alliance between Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary.
Dual Alliance 1879
– Germany and Austria-Hungary
Triple Alliance 1882
– Germany, A-H and Italy
Reinsurance Treaty 1887
- Germany and Russia
Three Emperors’ League 1873 (renewed 1881) - Alliance between Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary. Goal of isolating France, who was still upset over the loss of Alsace-Lorraine and wanted ‘revanche’ against Germany.
See Flagship p87 and Access to History p18-19 & p28
Bismarck’s Foreign Alliances
Dual Alliance 1879 – Germany and Austria-Hungary
– anti-German feelings in Russia following the 1878 Congress of Berlin led to Bismarck wanting to make Germany’s relations with Austria-Hungary more secure.
See Flagship p89 and Access to Histor