医学基础论文.doc

.综述.
结核性胸膜炎的综合治疗及调养与护理

力争

摘要:结核性胸膜炎,本是一种常见的胸膜炎,但由于缺乏专业的治疗知识,常出现延诊、误诊、治疗不到位、处理不规范等现象,引发系列疑难症。多数患者及其家属,欠缺相关的医学知识,因后期的调养与护理做得不到位,很难达到预期的治疗效果。本文依据前辈学者的理论研究成果,结合当前医学界的实践经验,将治疗结核性胸膜炎的相关的医学知识加以推广,以提高疗效改善预后。
关键词:结核性胸膜炎;综合治疗方案;调养与护理。
Tuberculous prehensive treatment and aftercare and nursing
Lizhen
Abstract:Tuberculous pleurisy, this is mon pleurisy, but due to a lack of professional treatment knowledge, often appears delayed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment does not reach the designated position, processing non-standard wait for a phenomenon, cause series YiNanZheng. Most patients and their families and lack of related medical knowledge, because the aftercare and nursing do later, it is difficult to achieve without a desired therapeutic effect. Based on the theory research senior scholars, combining with the practical experience of current medical treatment of tuberculous pleurisy, the relevant medica
l knowledge is extended to enhance the curative effect improving es.
Key words: tuberculous pleurisy; comprehensive treatment;aftercare and nursing
结核性胸膜炎是由结核杆菌侵犯胸膜而引起的炎症反应。正常胸膜腔内仅有10-20ml润滑作用的液体,当炎症等因素引起胸腔内液体增加超过正常时称为胸腔积液。干性胸膜炎时,胸膜表面有少量纤维渗出,表现为剧烈剧痛,似针刺状,检查可发现胸膜摩擦声等改变。渗出性胸膜炎时,随着胸膜腔内渗出液的增多,胸痛减弱或消失,病人常有咳嗽,可有呼吸困难。此外常有发热、消瘦、疲乏、食欲不振等全身症状。检查可发现心、肺受压的表现。在大量胸液时,可通过胸部检查和X线检查发现。结核性胸膜炎的治疗主要包括结核药物治疗;加速胸液的吸收,必要时抽液治疗;防止和减少胸膜增厚和粘连,选用肾上腺皮质激素等。胸膜炎是各种原因引起的胸膜壁层和脏层的炎症。大多为继发于肺部和胸部的病变,也可为全身性