GPS-RTK 高程测量代替四等水准测量的.doc

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GPS-RTK 高程测量代替四等水准测量的
实践
孙清,郑南山**
5
10
15
(中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州 221008)
摘要:本文简要介绍了 GPS 高程测量的基本原理、GPS-RTK 测量原理以及坐标转换方法等,
在此基础上,讨论分析了运用 GPS-RTK 技术进行高程测量精度的评定方法。分别采用 GPS
和水准仪对校园网进行测量,得到 RTK 高程和水准高程数据,计算出点间高差较差和高差
较差中误差,并依照评定方法进行比较,分析得出 GPS-RTK 高程测量能够满足四等水准测
量精度要求的结论。运用 GPS-RTK 技术进行高程测量对测区要求较高,但是其作业效率高,
数据精确,所以在部分地区可以代替水准测量,具有很好的应用前景。
关键词:GPS-RTK 技术;中误差;限差;精度
中图分类号:
Practice of GPS-RTK Elevation Measurement Replacing the
Fourth–order Leveling
Sun Qing, Zhen Nanshan
(School of Envrionment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and
Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221008)
20
Abstract:
The paper introduces the basic principles of GPS leveling and GPS-RTK briefly, as
well as coordinates transformation, and discussing and analyzing the evaluation method of
GPS-RTK elevation measurement basing on these. Use GPS and level to measure the ,
and then get the data of GPS elevation and leveling elevation, calculate parison error of
points’ difference of elevation and their mean square error e to the conclusion that the
25
precision of GPS-RTK leveling can satisfy with the requirements of the fourth-order leveling by
comparing according to the evaluation method. GPS-RTK elevation measurement demands higher
to the coverage, but it has high working efficiency and accurate data, so it can replace the leveling
and has a goo