Littoralisone--Oseltamivir-奥司他韦.docx

D. W. C. MacMillan (2005)
Y. Hayashi (2009)
K. C. Nicolaou (2009)
Littoralisone从马鞭草中提取而得马鞭草可以治疗腹泻伤寒是南美洲一种开花的植物
, Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu),and Hirsutellone B
Introduction
The molecules featured in this chapter, namely littoralisone (1, Scheme 1), oseltamivir (Tamiflu, 2, Scheme 1), and hirsutellone B (3, Scheme 1), belong to three distinct structural classes and possess unrelated biological activities. They are grouped together because of the use anocatalytic reactions in their total syntheses. Before we proceed with examining these synthetic campaigns, we shall provide a broad overview of the rapidly advancing field of anocatalysis.
本章中的分子,即littoralisone(1,方案1),奥司他韦(Tamiflu○R,2,方案1)和hirsutellone B(方案1),属于三个不同的结构类别并且具有无关的生物活性。由于在它们的总合成中使用了有机催化反应,它们被归类在一起。在我们开始研究这些合成活动之前,我们将提供一个关于不对称有机催化迅速发展的领域的广泛概述。
During the latter part of the twentieth century, the growing field of catalytic enantioselective synthesis was dominated by the use of transition plexes with anic ligands. anic chemists envisioned a future in anometallic catalysts would play an increasingly important role in the development of asymmetric reactions. Indeed, chiral transition metal catalysts now mediate a wide array of practical asymmetric transformations, and the scope of their capabilities
continues to be expanded. However, while their potential is enormous, transition metal catalysts are not without limitations and drawbacks. ln certain cases, organic catalysts offer potential advantages, and may plementary roles in asymmetric synthesis plexes. Many anic catalysts are derived from inexpensive and readily available pounds, such as amino acids and carbohydrates. In contrast to some transition plexes, organic catalysts tend to be quite stable, rendering their reactions more tolerant of water and oxygen. Furthermore, they tend to be less toxic than heavy plexes. In view of these potential advantages, the development and use of anic molecules as asymmetric catalysts is rather appealing.
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