怎样种植蔬菜地英文.ppt

Getting Started in the Vegetable Garden
Karen Delahaut
Fresh Market Vegetable Program Coordinator
Site Selection & Preparation
Light
≥6 hours
Soil
Access
Air Drainage
Proximity to Trees & Shrubs
Access
Near the house.
Easy to get to when harvesting.
Accessible for weeding, cultivating, & staking plants.
Close to water.
May deter vermin.
Air Drainage
Low-lying areas are subject to unseasonable frosts & water-logged soils.
South-facing slopes warm more quickly.
Wind protection is desirable in rural gardens.
Prevents physical damage to plants.
Reduces water loss.
Preserves heat that may be lost through transpiration.
Proximity to Trees & Shrubs
Unwanted shade.
Competition for water and nutrients.
Juglone toxicity.
Site the garden at least 10 feet from any tree or shrub.
Weed Control
Compete with plants for sunlight, water, nutrients, & space.
Reduce perennial weeds before planting.
Solarization with black plastic.
Herbicides.
Hoe regularly to keep annual weeds under control.
Carrots, onions, radishes, & beets need more vigilant weed management because of their small canopy.
Physical Requirements:Day Length
Increasing or decreasing day length affects
Flower initiation
Bulbing & tuber development
Short day plants:
Sweet potato
Long day plants flower when light exceeds a certain number of hours.
Lettuce
Spinach
Radish
Day neutral plants – flowering not related to light
Cucumber
Peas
Beans
Peppers
Physical Requirements:Soil
Well-drained. Solutions for clay soils:
anic matter
Raised beds
Work soils down to 6-7 inches.
Remove large stones, clods, or plant debris. Particularly important with root crops.
Physical Requirements: Nutrients & Organic Matter
Soil test
Done the fall before planting and every 3 years thereafter.
Sample 6-7 inches deep in 5 areas of the garden.
pH – -
Phosphorus
anic matter
Physical Requirements:Compost
Benefits:
Improves water retention
Promotes soil structure
Increases fertility
Increases cation exchange
Reduces fertili