【本科毕业设计（论文）】蔬菜土壤重金属污染及治理技术.doc

南京林业大学
本科毕业设计(论文)
题目:蔬菜土壤重金属污染及治理技术
学院: 森林资源与环境学院
专业: 林学
学号: ××××
学生姓名: ×××
指导教师: 陈金林
职称: 教授
二○○七年六月四日
摘要
土壤是人类生存与发展的宝贵资源。随着工业生产和城市化进程的不断发展,在经济增长的同时,土壤数量、质量正日益下降,诸如土壤污染特别是重金属污染已对农业生产的产量和质量造成严重影响,直接危害到人们的生活质量和身体健康,为此,开展蔬菜土壤重金属污染及治理技术研究,结合蔬菜重金属的污染现状,分析土壤重金属污染的来源、特点,探讨秸秆碳对土壤重金属污染的治理效果,为蔬菜重金属污染的防治提供又一新的尝试,对保护和改善环境及食品安全生产均具重要意义。
通过野外栽培试验和室内模拟试验,研究了不同数量秸秆炭对小白菜镉污染的缓解作用。主要研究结果如下:
1、秸秆炭能够改善蔬菜生长环境条件,对小白菜生长具有促进作用。
2、秸秆炭对Cd2+的表观吸附特征可用Freundlich、Temkin吸附方程很好地拟合,秸秆炭在低污染浓度条件下,对镉表现出良好的吸附能力,但随着镉污染浓度的增加,缓冲能力逐渐减弱。因此,秸秆炭能在一定程度上缓解土壤镉污染。
3、秸秆炭提高了土壤对Cd2+的吸附能力,较好地降低蔬菜中的镉含量,缓解了土壤重金属污染,添加秸秆炭是有效的农业生态修复方法之一。
因此,秸秆炭有助于丰富秸秆还田的方式,为经济、生态、环保利用秸秆提供新的途径,为改良土壤的质量提供一种新的方法。
关键词: 蔬菜; 重金属; 土壤污染; 秸秆炭
Soil heavy-metal pollution in vegetables and its improvement technology
Abstract
Soil is a precious resource in human’s surviving and developing. However, with the processing towards industrialization and urbanization, the thriving economics, to a large degree, are at the expense of the decreasing quantity and quality of soil. Now soil pollutions, especially the heavy-metal pollution, badly influence the agriculture production and directly damage the public’s health. In this sense, researches about the heave-metal pollution in vegetables and relevant defense methods when taking the current pollution conditions of soil heave-metal, resources and characters of the pollution into account, and discussions about the defense effects of straw charcoal against soil heavy-metal pollution, provide new methods to keeping vegetables away from heavy-metal pollution, which play vital roles in environment protection and the security of food production.
Soil incubation、pot incubation and field experiment were conducted to analysize the effects of straw charcoal on soil properities and vegetable quality.
The results are showed as follows:
1、straw charcoal had a positive effect on the growth of cabbage,It improved the living condition of cabbage. pH of straw charcoal should be taken into considerat