刑事辩护律师执业困境及其应对措施研究（法学）.pdf

烟台大学
硕士学位论文
刑事辩护律师执业困境及其应对措施研究
姓名:邵英杰
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:诉讼法学
指导教师:黄道诚
2011-03-12
摘要
律师在现代法治社会的构建中起着不可替代的作用,随着法治的进程,律师完
成了从“国家人”到“社会人”的转变。刑事辩护律师因其职业的特殊性,始终受
到社会的普遍关注,但是目前我国律师制度的建设却难尽如人意。
本文对刑事辩护律师执业风险及其保障措施的研究,是从辩护律师的最基础性
问题着手,首先阐述了辩护律师的职业特点,随之论述了刑事辩护律师在当前新形
势下的重要使命,然后将国外法治发达国家的刑事辩护律师执业保障规定加以具体
说明。之后阐明了我国当前刑事辩护律师的执业困境,主要体现在两个方面:一是
由于法律规定的不够完善,尤其《刑法》第 306 条的规定,给律师执业带来极大的
法律风险。同时,由于制度层面的原因使辩护律师长期处于法律体系的边缘,造成
辩护律师在刑辩中会见难、取证难、辩护难;二是由于社会公众对辩护律师职业的
误解,使律师面临诸多的执业风险。探其原因,不难发现,这其中既有我国传统法
律文化方面的因素,也有立法方面的缺失及制度方面的缺陷,另外,律师队伍自身
的不足也是一个重要的原因。要从根本上解决辩护律师的执业困境最重要的是要完
善对辩护律师权利的保障措施。首先,通过提高执业门槛和规范律师管理体制提高
律师自身的职业素质;其次,因辩护律师职业的特殊性要赋予律师一定的职业特权,
如保守秘密的特权和职业豁免权;第三,针对《刑法》第 306 条的缺陷,对该条规
定加以修改完善,从立法上对律师的权利加以保障;最后,要进一步完善程序性制
裁的相关规定,在程序上对侵犯辩护律师的诉讼权利的行为予以制裁。

关键词:律师使命;执业困境;保障措施


I
Abstract
Lawyers in the construction of modern legal society plays an irreplaceable role, along
with the rule of law, the pleted the process from "national people" to "social"
transformation. For the particularity of criminal defense lawyer ,it has always drawn the
universal attention of society, but at present the construction of the system of lawyers is
difficult to stumble in our country.
The research on the criminal defense lawyer risks and safeguard measures from this
article is beginning with the most basic problem in the defense lawyers, at the first it
expounded defense attorney professional characteristics, and then discussed the current
criminal defense lawyer in the new situation, in the end elucidated the rule of security
provision for criminal defense lawyer in developed countries specificly. The current
presented on this criminal lawyers practicing dilemma, the mainly embodied in two
aspects: duing to law are not perfect, especially the provisions of article 306 from
"criminal law" giving a lawyer's practice brings the enormous legal risk. At the same time,
because of the institutional reasons in the long run defense lawyer is standin