总结针对电子压力计失效改进措施.doc

总结针对电子压力计失效的改进措施
压力计和温度计是测试过程使用的主要仪器设备,而其发展也经历了从最初的低精度、单一品种的纯机械式结构到复杂的电子式结构的变革。随着电子电工技术的迅猛发展,具有高精度、高灵敏度、高集成性能的电子压力计如雨后春笋。目前,全国各大油田应用较为广泛的电子压力计多达数十种,而由于压力计的生产厂家众多、型号繁杂、仪器电池检测、识别和操作方式的不同,在使用过程中很容易造成混淆。另外,在矿藏层油气的勘探和开发生产过程中,由于电子压力计长期工作在恶劣环境之中,再加之仪器的选型不当、部件的性能不可靠及人为的操作失误都能造成电子压力计使用过程中的失效,甚至导致试采工艺的失败。因此对影响井下电子压力计失效的主要因素进行分析和预防具有非常重要的现实意义。
Pressure gauge and thermometer is the main instrument of testing process using equipment, and its development has experienced from the initial low precision, a single variety of pure mechanical structure to plex electronic structure changes. With the rapid development of electronic electrician technology, high precision, high sensitivity, high integration performance of electronic pressure gauge have sprung up. Has been widely applied at present, the national major oil fields and as many as dozens of electronic pressure gauge, and because many in the manufacturer of the pressure gauge, model is multifarious, instrument battery detection, identification and the different methods of operation, in use process is easy to cause confusion. In addition, the mineral layer of oil and gas exploration and development and production process, due to the electronic pressure gauge long-term work under bad environment, coupled with improper instrument selection, the performance of the parts is not reliable and human error can be caused in the process of using electronic pressure gauge failure, and even lead to the failure of the pre-production process. So the main factors of affecting the downhole electronic pressure gauge failure analysis and prevention has very important practical significance.
2、工作原理及性能指标
2, working principle and performance indexes
、工作原理
, the working principle
电子压力计是一种主要用于油气田矿层压力和温度值测量的高精密的电子仪器。其核心部件是压力传感器和温度传感器,由于压力计的工作环境恶劣多变,因此感应元件的制作需要选用符合深层井下作业的耐高温、高压的特殊材料以确保电子电压计的精确度和可靠性。根据压力传感器和温度传感器的应变电桥原理,压力计的振荡电路在井下地层压力和温度的共同影响作用下,将被测矿层的压力值、温度值转化为电路系统识别电阻值及电压值,并由振荡电路整频转换为计算机识别的电流频率值信号,再经软件校正处理,折算成测试人员需要的井下压力和温度数据。从以上的构成原理可见