Culture西方文化.ppt

Part 8 Baroque Age
1. The Baroque period lasted about 150 years between 1600-1750.
2. the term was first applied to architecture with proliferation of ornament
3. In the 17th century, progress was made in science, astronomy, physics and mathematics.
Useful information
4. Changes in the conception of men’s place in the universe; Men felt pride about themselves.
5. The emergence of new class – bourgeoisie
6. A series of political revolution: in England, France.
Useful Information
The feudal noble class declined due to the Wars of Roses (1455-1485)
it weakened nobility and monarch.
pleted the “Primitive accumulation of capital” through enclosures and foreign plunder with the discovery of the New World
English Revolution
and expansion of foreign trade.
4. The Puritan movement gained its forces because of the Reformation the great changes in ideology and morality.
5. In politics they were still under the control of feudal nobles with the king as the head.
English Revolution (2)
A bitter power struggle (1642-1648) between the monarchy and Parliament. James I became the king of England in 1603. He believed that kings were responsible only to God and not to any parliament (the doctrine of the divine right of kings).
The Civil War
His son, Charles I, eeded to the throne in 1625.
1) The relation between the king and parliament became worse.
2) He wanted to reform the Presbyterian Church in Scotland and this made the Scots revolt.
The Civil War (2)
The Civil War (3)
The king tried to arrest Parliament leaders as they passed acts to restrict king’s right. This led to the outbreak of the Civil War in 1642 and the king’s forces were defeated.
The victory of the Parliament led to the execution of Charles I in 1649, the temporary overthrow of the monarchy.
A republic was founded by Oliver Cromwell, and it lasted for more than ten years.
In 1688, Catholic king James II fled to France.
The throne was offered to his Protestant daughter and her husband Dutch