麻疹双语.ppt

Measles
(麻疹)
Pediatrics department of the 2nd affiliated
hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
广州医科大学第二附属医院儿科

程子禾
目的要求
熟悉麻疹的病因及流行病学
了解麻疹的发病机理与组织病理
掌握典型麻疹的临床特点和诊断要点。
掌握麻疹常见并发症
掌握麻疹与其他小儿常见出疹性疾病的鉴别诊断
掌握麻疹的防治原则及方法
了解不典型麻疹的临床特点
DEFINITION(定义)
Measles is an acute highly contagious viral disease caused by measles virus.
由麻疹病毒引起的急性出疹性呼吸道传染病。
DEFINITION(定义)
It is characterized by fever, URT catarrhal
inflamation, Koplik’spots and maculopapular.
临床特征:发热、流涕、结膜炎、咳嗽、麻疹黏膜斑、
全身斑丘疹、疹退后糠麸样脱屑并留有棕色色素沉着。
ETIOLOGY(病原学)
Paramyxovirus(病毒属副粘液病毒科)
It is spherical in appearance, about 100~250nm in diameter.
球形或多形性颗粒,直径100~250nm
ETIOLOGY(病原学)
It has an outer posed of six protein and
internal core is RNA.
外层脂蛋白膜有6种不同作用蛋白
H:血凝作用
F:溶血作用
M:蛋白缺陷与SSPS关系
ETIOLOGY(病原学)
Measles virus is sensitive to heat or disinfectant,it is also inactived by ultraviolet light easily
体外生活力弱,对热、一般消毒剂,
紫外线敏感低温下可保存数月至数年
ETIOLOGY(病原学)
measles virus can be detected from blood, urine,
nasal and pharyngeal secretions.
病毒存在于眼结膜、口腔、鼻咽、气管分泌物,血和尿中(前驱期和出疹早期),白细胞内也有此病毒
EPIDEMIOLOGY(流行病学)
Source of infection
The patients are the only source of infection
传染源:患者(眼鼻咽分泌物、血、尿)
出疹前5天-出疹后5天
并发肺炎:出疹后10天
EPIDEMIOLOGY(流行病学)
Routes of transmission

----airborne
传播途径:飞沫
间接:日用品、玩具