英语词类、句子成分及句子(二) 初高中英语教学衔接 句子附属成分 基本成分的修饰语称为句子的附属成分: 定语:是用来修饰主语或宾语的,即修饰名词。 状语:通常是用来修饰谓语的,即修饰动词;也可修饰形容词或副词。 1 定语:用来修饰名词的词。通常由形容词充当。如: The black pen is hers. What’s your name, please? We have seven lessons a day. 定语的拓展 Poor John headed toward a hospital nearby. People there like sports. She likes oranges imported from the USA. Have you seen the book on the desk? The boy playing over there is my brother. John gave Mary many books. 2 状语:一般表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式或程度,常由副词充当。如: They worked hard. We had lunch at school today. John went into the classroom happily. It’s very nice. Kate runs very fast . 句子 分为三类:简单句、并列句、复合句 The children went . I bought a hat . The teacher told us a story. We elected him monitor. We are Englishmen. 简单句 主谓 主谓宾 主谓双宾 主谓宾宾补 主系表 简单句翻译的一般顺序:主+谓+宾+宾补+状。 注意: 1、定语的位置不确定,它修饰哪个词就放在哪个词的前或后(短语或句子作定语放后)。 2、谓语要考虑时态、语态及人称、单复数等。 较复杂简单句的翻译 较复杂的简单句实际上就是在一般简单句的名词前后附加上定语。 那个男孩静静地吃了一个苹果。 站在树底下的那个小男孩静静地吃了 一个很大的从美国进口的苹果。 1、一般简单句 That boy ate an apple quietly. 2、较复杂简单句 That little boy standing under the tree ate a very big apple imported from the USA quietly.
