《黛西·米勒》叙述策略分析（文学）.pdf

上海交通大学
硕士学位论文
《黛西·米勒》叙述策略分析
姓名:禹雪含
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:英语语言文学
指导教师:沈炎
20091201
摘要

亨利·詹姆斯被认为是现代英语小说的先驱,他在许多小说里都创造性地运
用了现代主义写作技巧并且在一定程度上推动了小说叙述技巧的发展。他一生致
力于其“国际题材”小说,着力于描写大西洋两岸欧美之间的交会与碰撞。《黛
西·米勒》是他的一部早期国际题材小说。这篇论文主要运用热拉尔·热奈特和里
蒙·凯南的叙述学理论,从“人物和事件”,“聚焦”以及“话语表达和叙述声音”这三
个方面来解读这部中篇小说的叙述结构,揭示出通过叙述策略的巧妙运用和其独
特的写作风格,小说更突出地表现了欧美大陆之间的文化道德冲突。
这篇论文分为五章。论文首先介绍了亨利·詹姆斯的家庭背景,文学造诣以
及中篇小说《黛西·米勒》,并介绍了对这部小说的评论以及本文的理论背景和结
构。后面三个部分从三个方面来分析《黛西·米勒》的叙述结构。“人物和事件”
部分分析了中篇小说《黛西·米勒》中的人物和事件,探讨作者是如何通过塑造
不同特征的人物并构造事件来展示欧美大陆之间的道德文化冲突。“聚焦”部分分
析了《黛西·米勒》中内聚焦的创造性运用,探讨作者为何运用这一叙述技巧,
达到了何种效果以及运用这一技巧对其表现小说主题有何种功效。“话语表达和
叙述声音”部分包括对小说中人物的直接引语、间接引语和自由间接引语的分析
以及对于小说的叙述者和有限全知叙述者的分析。最后一部分总结全文并得出结
论,通过一系列叙述策略的运用,这部中篇小说的主旨更好地表现了出来。

关键词:《黛西·米勒》,人物和事件,聚焦,叙述声音




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Abstract
Henry James is generally regarded as the forerunner of modern English novels
for his creative use of modernist techniques in many of his novels. He has developed
the narrative techniques to a level unknown before his time and is well known for his
international novels – novels that explore the clash of values between America and
Europe. Daisy Miller, James’s first published work, is one of his international novels.
This thesis, adopting the narrative theories of t and Rimmon-kenan, analyzes
Daisy Miller’s narrative structure in terms of “characters and events”, “focalization”,
and “speech representation and narrative voice” and argues that the moral and cultural
collisions between the European continent and the American continent displayed in
this novella are well presented through the skillful employment of narrative strategies
on the part of the author.
The present thesis consists of five chapters. It first offers an introduction to
Henry James, the work in question Daisy Miller, the criticism on this novella and the
theoretical approach and the structure of this thesis. Then, it analyzes the narrative
structure of Daisy Miller in the following three parts. In “char