谁飞越了疯人院？——《飞越疯人院》的福柯式解读（文学）.pdf

华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
谁飞越了疯人院?--《飞越疯人院》的福柯式解读
姓名:左万芳
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:英语语言文学
指导教师:胡泓
2010-05-23
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
发表于一九六二年的《飞越疯人院》是肯·凯西的首部小说,也是其杰出的代表
作。本文试图利用福柯关于疯癫与监狱的相关理论来分析小说中疯人院的运行,以
此揭示社会的规训本质,并探讨“谁飞越了疯人院”这一命题。
本文首先分析了小说中的疯人院病房里的病人,通过对他们言行举止的观察,发
现所谓的“疯子”其实并非真正医学上的精神病人。他们因异于社会的规范而被冠
以疯子的称谓,并加以排斥与隔离。然后,本文对小说中病房的各种治疗手段进行
了分析。病房里的恢复治疗实则监狱式的规训手段,旨在制造同一的机器、驯顺的
身体。这种非人性的治疗与管理,必然会引起“病人”的反抗与斗争。最后,本文
指出斗争的结果并非如书名所寓意的“飞越疯人院”,而是无人飞越了疯人院。在福
柯看来,整个社会机体是一个巨大的、连续的监狱网。这个监狱网包容了遍及整个
社会的所有规训机制,学校、医院、工厂等机构无不具有规训的本质。“病人们”飞
越了一个疯人院,却飞进了另一个疯人院。
从福柯关于疯癫与监狱的相关理论的角度解读《飞越疯人院》不仅为该小说的研
究扩展了一个新的视野,同时也是理解福柯理论的契机。二者主题的惊人相似性为
福柯的哲学文本提供了一个形象的文学文本的阐释。

关键词:飞越疯人院福柯疯癫监狱









ii
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest, Ken Kesey’s debut in literature in 1962, is the
distinguished masterpiece among Kesey’s works. This thesis attempts to analyze the
operation of the ward by employing Foucault’s physiological thinking on madness and
prison in order to reveal the disciplinary society in the novel. The question will be probed
into about the novel, that is, who flew over the cuckoo’s nest?
First, patients on the ward are examined in the thesis. The result of this careful
observation is that neither of them are psychopaths from the perspective of medicine
science. Being deviant from the norm of society makes them marked as the mad and then
isolated from the society. Next the treatments on the ward are analyzed. The
recovery-oriented cures are actually disciplines in the prison, which aim at producing
docile body, the identical “machines” in the novel. The e of this dehumanizing
management and treatments is doomed to be rebellions and struggles of the patients
against the ward. Last, it is pointed out in the thesis that the consequence of the struggle,
however, is not as the title has indicated that “one flew over the cuckoo’s nest”. Nobody
ever flew over the cuckoo’s nest. The whole society, to Foucault, is a h