船舶液舱晃荡载荷及结构强度工程计算方法.pdf

华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
晃荡是一种常见的流体运动现象,通常发生在部分装满液体的液箱中。在各类
运载工具中,几乎都有载液容器。尤其是船舶,除燃料舱外,还有液货舱等。这些
液舱在各种工作环境下的相应状况往往是影响其所在的运载器系统安全性的一个重
要因素。
传统获得液舱晃荡响应的方法有理论研究、实验研究等,这些方法都需要对晃
荡机理有深刻的了解或因计算的复杂性而难以适用于工程计算。本文利用 BV 规范
所推荐的公式计算各种工况的晃荡载荷而避开了计算晃荡载荷的繁琐性,在载荷计
算时利用 MATLAB 程序使载荷计算自动化,并直接输出能在 ANSYS 中对结构施行
加载、计算、提取结果等过程的 APDL 程序,本文将 MATLAB 强大的科学计算功能
和 ANSYS 有限元软件的通用性有机结合,将“查找和翻译规范—整理计算公式—
编写计算程序—编写有限元 APDL 加载分析命令流—提取计算结果—计算结果绘图”
等一系列工作由一套完整的可视化程序完成,从而降低了工程人员的工作量。
本文后半部分将该程序应用于一晃荡液舱工程算例,对其进行了液深
~,横摇幅角 5°~20°工况下的计算结果分析,并和原工程结果数据进行
对比,并分析了存在差异的原因。最后将该液舱 81 种工况下的应力、变形、转角数
据绘制成响应曲线,同时总结了液深和横摇幅角对结构应力、变形等的影响,并建
议了解决措施,为今后同类问题研究和工程设计提供参考数据。


关键词:液舱晃荡可视化程序响应曲线

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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Sloshing is a monly observed in liquid motions. It usually happens
in a partially filled liquid tank in movement. Almost all kind of self-driving vehicles are
mounted with liquid tanks. Some kind of ships especially built for transporting liquid
cargos, of which containers or tankers are a major part. When a container ship is traveling
in rough seas, the dynamic behavior of her liquid cabin, its structure and the internal fluid,
usually greatly influences the safety of the entire ship.
The traditional method of calculating the sloshing response in liquid tank are research
on theory, experimentation, etc. which requires a prehension on the theory
of sloshing,and requires a series plicated process putation, so it can’t adapt
to putations in formulas in criterion are uesd in this article,so it is
not such tedious, a program piled in the article, so some arduous work can be done
automatically, and a APDL process will be given for the work of loading, calculating,
getting the result in ANSYS. MATLAB is powerful in putation, and ANSYS
is universal used for FEA, both of which are used in this thesis. In order to simplify the
design and research, such as referring to and translating the criterion, anizing the
formula, solution, FEA,