毕业设计（论文）-浮标式气动测量仪的工程应用--浮标式气动测量仪.doc

气动测量仪的工程应用
——浮标式气动测量仪
摘要
机械加工中传统测量尺寸的量具和方法很多,一般常用的有游标卡尺、千分尺、百分表等,这些量具适用于现场测量,但有时测量精度达不到要求。测量精度高的如测长机、三坐标测量机等,对环境要求较高,不适合作现场测量。一些容易产生变形的工件(如薄壁零件),用传统的测量方法,则有可能由于测量人员的人为因素,如测量经验、测力的掌握不匀等,引起工件在测量过程中变形,这样就使得测量数据的可靠性受到影响。气动测量由于其测量方法比传统的方法有许多的优越性,既适合现场测量,又能达到较高的测量精度,因此在机械加工中的应用日益增加。
气动量仪是机械制造工业中使用的一种精密测量仪器,用于测量工件的长度、厚度、槽宽、内孔直径、外圆直径、两孔中心距、轴心线直线度、圆度、垂直度、平行度等各种参数。具有测量精度高、结构简单、使用维护方便、可以实现非接触式远距离测量等优点。若与各种类型的气动测量头配合使用,还可以完成多种测量工作。因此,在各种测量仪器中,气动测量仪是一种很有发展前途的测量仪器。
基于气动量仪的以上优点,本文重点讨论了气动量仪中最具代表性的浮标式气动量仪。本论文的研究具有重要的科学意义和实用价值,主要表现在以下几个方面:气动测量方法广泛应用于汽车、轴承、内燃机、塑料、造纸、机械加工等行业,随着技术的不断发展,高精度的加工必然要求相应的高精度测量措施,常规的测量仪器由于精度、测量条件的限制,将难以完成日益复杂的测量任务。利用现代电子技术、计算机技术结合气动测量方法研制高精度、智能化、自动化的气动测量仪适应了现代科技发展的潮流,必将为我国工业现代化作出重大的贡献。
关键词:气动量仪,精密测量,量仪,机械制造
ENGINEERING APPLICATION OF PNEUMATIC MEASURING INSTRUMENT
--FLOAT TYPE PNEUMATIC MEASURING INSTRUMENT

ABSTRACT
Conventional machining and method of measuring the size measurement of monly used with caliper, micrometer, dial indicator, etc. these measuring tools for field measurements, but sometimes it is mainly the measurement accuracy. Such as high precision measuring machine, CMM, etc. on the environment are higher, and is not suitable for on-site measurements. Some easy deformation of the work piece (such as thin-walled parts), the traditional measurement methods, there may be due to human factors measurement personnel, such as measuring experience, measuring mastery of such uneven, causing deformation of the work piece in the measurement process, so that makes the reliability of measurement data are affected. Pneumatic measurement because of its measurement methods than the traditional method has many advantages, both for on-site measurements, while maintaining high precision, and therefore the application of mechanical processing is increasing.
Pneumatic measuring instrument is the machinery manufacturing industry in the use of a precision measuring instrument for measuring the work piece length, thickness, width, bore diameter, outer