英语修辞学.doc

艿Figuresofspeech莅Figuresofspeech(修辞),toheighteneffect,ortocreatesuggestiveimagery,(明喻)蝿Metaphor(暗喻)(隐喻)肆Metonymy(转喻)(借代)羅Synecdoche(提喻)莀Personification(拟人)膈Antonomasia(换称)袆螂一Simile(明喻)蚃Simile:(明喻)parisonbetweentwounlikeelementshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristic(特性),wordslikeas,as...as,(anobject,event,process,etc.),螄Ascoldwaterstoathirstysoul,:本体(tenororsubject),喻体(vehicleorreference)parativewordorindicatorofresemblance)。芁eg:(1).like型螀★A联系动词(以tobe居多)+like肇Eg:★实意动词+like。袈Theywillneverbeabletosavemoneytobuyanewhouse——★as型莀as在明喻句中用作介词,后跟名词。也可用作连词,后跟状语从句,表示动作或行为的方式。此外,还有两个常用句型,即as…as…和as…so…。蕿英语里有不少含有明喻的成语,其结构为as+形容词+as+名词(第一个as可省略)。例如:薈(as)firmasarock坚如磐石螅(as)lightasafeather轻如鸿毛螃(as)closeasanoyster守口如瓶羈(as)muteasafish噤若寒蝉芈(as)strongasahorse强壮如牛薂(as)coolasacucumber泰然自若袁(as)soberasajudge十分清醒蒈(as)sureasagun千真万确螅★虚拟句型薄最常见的是asif/though,另外还有其他一些形式。罿Eg:,看起来仿佛是从一副维拉斯奎兹的油画里跑出来的一样。薅Thedogswereinfullcry,theirnosesdown,theirtailsup,,低着头,翘着尾巴,一条挨一条,看上去就像一块行进的黄白交织的大地毯。莂Hewokethembothupgettingtobed,,但是后来他们想唤醒他时,简直就像唤死人一样。芅★:,如同锻炼之于身体。,就像阳光对于花朵的作用。袂BWhatXistoY,:Whatsaltistofood,thatwitandhumouraretoconversationandliterat