荿语法专项整理(一)名词蚇1、名词的种类:芄专有名词薁China,Beijing,Amy,January,Monday,蒀普通名词螆可数名词蚃单数莁abook,apencil,anapple,anumbrella,莇复数肂books,pencils,apples,umbrellas,芆不可数名词螆milk,water,juice,tea,rice,袂2、专有名词:专有名词是指某个人、某些地方、某样物品专有的名称。莀Children’sDay虿专有名词第一个字母要大写,前面不加a,an,the膅3、单数名词:薂(1)一般名词,在前面加a:abook,acomputer,莂(2)元音字母开头的名词,在前面加an:anegg,anorange(元音字母是:a,e,i,o,u)螇少数例外:anhour,auniversity(以元音发音为准)蚅4、复数名词:莃规则:腿情况膀规则肄例词肃一般情况芀加s芈cats,apples蒄o,s,x,ch,sh结尾螄加e节potatoes,buses,classes,boxes,watches莆辅音字母加y结尾膇去y加ies薄butterfly--butterflies聿元音字母加y结尾蝿加s薆days,keys,boys芄f,fe结尾膁变成ves袇leaf--leaves,knife--knives肆不规则:螁情况节例词艿改变元音蒅foot--feet,tooth--teeth,goose--geese,man--men,woman--women,蒁词尾发生变化聿child—children,mouse--mice莈单复数同形袄sheep--sheep,deer--deer,fish--fish,people--people芁5、不可数名词:在不可数名词前只能加some(一些),much(许多)肁(1)液体:water,milk,coke,coffee,juice,tea蒆(2)气体:air,vapour莄(3)不能“个别的”存在:hair,rice,beef,meat,pork,mutton羂语法专项整理(二)代词膂人称代词袈人称螃单数螂复数羇主格蒇宾格蒃主格羁宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit2、物主代词人称单数复数形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称mymineourours第二人称youryoursyouryours第三人称hishistheirtheirsherhersitsits3、指示代词:this,that,these,those如:’(三)数词基数词:housandthreethirteenthirty三位数要在百位和十位之间加and如:onehundredandsixteen116onehundredandtwenty-yten加teen加ty两位数(非整十)中间加连字符“-”如:fifty-one51eleventwelve序数词:iethtenth除第1、2、3,直接加thty结尾,变y为ie,再加th语法专项整理(五)介词1、介词的分类词类例词时间介词at7:00,inthemorning,onMonday,beforelunch,afterdinner,方位介词onthedesk,inthepark,athome,underthetree,behindthedoor,overthebed,infrontofthehouse,nearthelake,nexttothecinema,动向介词gotoschool,jumpintothewater,climbupthetree,skidownthemountain,runoutofthedoor方式介词bybike,onfoot,playwithmyfriend2、at,on,in在表示时间时的区别:(1)at用于具体的时刻:at10:05,atnoon,atnight,(2)on用于具体的一天(常与星期、节日、具体的某一天连用,也表示某天上午、下午或晚上):onMonday,onNewYear’sDay,onJune1st,onmybirthday,onFridaymorning,ontheweekend,(3)in用于某一段时间(常与上午、下午、晚上连用,常与月份、季节、年份连用):inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening,inMarch,inspring,in2007,语法专项整理(六)Therebe结构概念:Therebe结构又叫存在句,表示某地存在某物。There
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