Chapter_1词汇学.ppt

Chapter 1
Language, Linguistics and Lexicology
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1-1-1: A Definition of Language
What is language?
Spir, an American linguist, wrote in 1921: “Language is a purely human and non-instinctive method municating ideas, emotions and desires by means of voluntarily produced symbols”. But the famous American linguist, Chomsky, gave a different definition when he wrote Syntactic Structure in 1957: “from now on I will consider a language to be a set (finite or infinite) of sentences, each finite in length and constructed out of a finite set of elements.”
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Many linguists have agreed to accept the view that language is, in essence, a system of symbols designed for the purpose of munication.
A language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols by means of which the members of a municate, interact, and transmit their culture.
The systematic, conventional use of sounds, signs, or written symbols in a human society munication and self-expression.
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The attributes:
Language

system
 
vocal arbitrary a human activity non-instinctive a social activity
related to culture changes
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For discussion and review:
1. How many languages are there in the world?
(more than