有机化学方程式(选修五)烷烃(甲烷为例)+Cl2光照CH3Cl+HClCH3Cl+Cl2光照CH2Cl2+HClCH2Cl2+Cl2光照CHCl3+HClCHCl3+l4+H2n+2+(3n+1)/2O2nCO2+(n+1)H2O烯烃(乙烯为例)=CH2+Br2→CH2Br—=CH2+=CH2+HClCH3CH2Cl催化剂△=CH2+H2CH3—=CH2[CH2—CH2]H2n+3n/2O2nCO2+nH2O炔烃(乙炔为例)催化剂△≡CH+2H2CH3—CH3催化剂△≡CH+HClCH2=≡CH+Br2→CHBr=≡CH+2Br2→CHBr2—=CHCl[CH2—CH]n催化剂加热、+C2H6苯浓硫酸55~60℃1.+HNO3—NO2+H2OFeCl32.+Br2(液溴)—Br+HBr催化剂△3.+3H2苯的同系物(甲苯为例)CH3O2N——NO2NO2CH3浓硫酸55~60℃3.+3HNO3+3H2OCH3—COOHKMnO4(H+)4、H2O△170℃卤代烃(溴乙烷为例)+NaOHCH3CH2OH+NaBr醇△+NaOHCH2=CH2↑+NaBr++2Na→2CH3CH2ONa+H2↑△浓硫酸170℃+HBrCH3CH2Br+=CH2↑+H2O浓硫酸140℃—O—CH2CH3+H2O催化剂△+O22CH3CHO+2H2O催化剂△(OH)CH3+O22CH3COCH3+H2O催化剂△(CH3)3OH+O2很难被氧化ONaOH酚(苯酚为例)+2Na→2
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