初三英语语法词性详解名词英语课件ppt.ppt

词性详解-名词初三英语语法nounEnglishGrammar一、中考考查重点二、考查重点讲解可数名词与不可数名词名词的数名词所有格名词的句法功能名词名词英语语法-词性详解一名词★  一、什么是“名词”及名词的分类★  二、可数名词的单数与复数★  三、不可数名词★ 四、名词所有格★ 五、名词的句法功能名词名词可数名词普通名词物质名词抽象名词个体名词集体名词不可数名词名词的定义:表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的名词。(如:teacher,pen,student,desk)(如:family,class,police)(如:tea,water,paper)(如:news,love,peace)专有名词(如:Tom、China、theUnitedStates)可数名词的单复数情况(规则变化)构成方法例词girl—girls;pen--pensbus-buses;box-boxeswatch-watches;dish-dishesbaby-babies;family-familiesboy-boys;day-daystomato-tomatoes;hero-heroesphoto-photoshalf-halves;wife-wives;一般情况以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾以辅音字母+y结尾以辅音字母+o结尾以f或fe结尾的加-s加-es加“es”加“s”变f或fe为v再加es以元音字母+o结尾变y为i再加-es直接加-s以元音字母加y结尾名词构成方法(不规则变化)例词foot-feettooth-teethwoman-womenman-menmouse-miceox-oxenchild-childrendeer-deerfish-fishsheep--ChineseJapanese--FrenchmenEnglishman--GermansRussian-RussiansAmericansAustraliansIndians内部元音发生变化词尾发生变化个别名词单复同形表示某国人时,中日不变,英法变,其他国家加s名词特殊情况(1)有些名词只有复数形式,如:clothes,shorts,pants,scissors(剪刀),goods,glasses(眼镜)(2)有些名词以s结尾,但不是复数形式,如:news,maths,physics,politics(3)有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词,如:room(空间)—aroom(房间)work(工作)—works(著作)名词例1下列几组复数名词中,每组都有一个错词,请指出::(前面不能用a,an等来修饰)到目前为止我们所学的不可数名词有:①液体类:②肉类:③粉末类:④抽象名词类:⑤食物类:不可数名词计量的表达:①个数单位词:piece(张、片、块、条),②容器单位词:bottle(瓶),bag(包),box(盒、箱),③类别单位词:kind(种、类)④度量衡单位词:kilo(千克、公斤)water:juice,tea,soup,milk,cola,coffee,meat,beef,pork,muttonfood,oli, rice,porridge,junkfood,tofubreadnews,information,money,advice,friendship,work,homework,housework,schoolwork,help,fun,health,price