1、意义现在分词可以单独作定语,也可以构成复合词作定语,包括限定性和非限定性(用逗号与其他部分分开),在意义上相当于一个定语从句(包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)。 2、结构(以 do 为例)主动式: doing 被动式: being done The Present Participle as Attributive 3、用法⑴单个现在分词作定语常位于被修饰词之前。 Don ’ t wake up the sleeping boy. On the following day, the poor girl died. ⑵现在分词短语作定语放在被修饰词之后。 The bird singing in the tree is very beautiful. My uncle working in the south will be back in a few days. 现在分词作定语,意义上接近一个定语从句,表示一个正在进行的动作或者表示一个主动的动作。例如: China is a developing country . = China is a country which is developing. 中国是一个发展中国家。 I saw a girl who is sleeping in the waiting room. = 在候车室里我看见一个熟睡的女孩。 The man who is talking with our headmaster is Tom ’ s father. = I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room. The man talking with our headmaster is Tom ’ s father. Practice 正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。注意:用现在分词短语作定语时,要注意现在分词所表示动作发生的时间。 (变为从句时要用进行时态) ? The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. = The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine. ? There were a lot of boys on the playground playing football. = There were a lot of boys on the playground who were playing football .? Did you see the man talking to the headmaster? =Did you see the man who was talking to the headmaster ? (当时) 状态,变为从句时用一般现在时或一般过去时。? They lived in a room facing the south . = They lived in a room that faced the south . ? The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1955. = The house that stands at the corner of the street was built in 1955. 并不是所有的定语从句可以用分词短语替换。 The man who came this morning is our class teacher. ? Can you tell me the accident that happened yesterday? ? Those who have finished their work can go home now. ? Is there anyone who can answer this question? (The Past Participle as Attributive) 1、意义作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语, 既表被动又表完成; 不及物动词的过去分词作定语, 只表完成。 I can ’ t find the lost pen. The retired man goes to the park every morning. 2、用法⑴单个的过去分词作定语,常置于其所修
