Plant Cells (Advances in Biochemical Engineering-Biotechnology Vol. 72) (J. J. Zhong).pdf

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Preface
Plants produce more than 30,000 types of chemicals,including pharmaceuticals,
pigments and other fine chemicals, which is four times more than those obtain-
ed from microbes. Plant cell culture has been receiving great attention as an
alternative for the production of valuable plant-derived secondary metabolites,
since it has many advantages over whole plant cultivation. However, much more
research is required to enhance the culture productivity and reduce the pro-
cessing costs, which is the key to mercialization of plant cell culture pro-
cesses. The recent achievements in related biochemical engineering studies are
reviewed in Chapter 1. The effect of pounds on plant cell behavior
has been little studied, and Chapter 2 focuses on these gas concentration effects
(including oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene and others, such as volatile hor-
mones like methyl jasmonate) on secondary metabolite production by plant cell
cultures. Two metabolites of current interest, ., the antimalarial artemisinin
(known as “qing hao su” in China) that is produced by Artemisia annua (sweet
wormwood) and taxanes used for anticancer therapy that are produced by
species of Taxus, are taken as examples. Bioprocess integration is another hot
topic in plant cell culture most of the plant secondary meta-
bolites are toxic to the cells at high concentrations during the culture,removal of
the product in situ during the culture can lead to the enhanced productivity.
Various integrated bioprocessing techniques are discussed in Chapter 3.
To improve the productivity mercially pounds in plants
or plant cell cultures, or even to pletely pounds, metabolic
engineering of plant secondary metabolite pathways has opened a new promis-
ing perspective. Different strategies used for the ic modification are dis-
cussed in Chapter 4, including single-gene and