船舶油污事故中清污费用的索赔分析研究.pdf

中文摘要摘要随着对海洋石油资源的大力开发和全球海上石油运输量的持续增长,溢油事故发生的频率越来越高,溢油规模也越来越大,溢油事故的发生,不但给当地渔业、水产养殖业、旅游业等造成经济损失,也严重损害了海洋以及海岸的自然环境和生态环境。由于赔偿不充分导致清污费用支付困难,清污队伍的生存发展难以维系,使溢油不能及时清除,许多潜在的损失不可挽回,形成恶性循环。因此对于清污费的研究分析就是十分必要的。本文除引言和结论外,共分五章。第一章关于船舶油污事故中清污费用概述, 包括概念,国际、国内外立法概况以及清污费的权利、义务主体的分析;第二章船舶油污事故中清污费法律性质的分析,分为民事责任、行政责任和民事责任或行政责任的三种情况讨论;第三章船舶油污事故中清污费用的索赔模式,针对清污费的索赔现状,把清污费作为民事、行政责任的费用进行利弊分析;第四章船舶油污事故中清污费用的索赔程序,分别针对清污费作为民事、行政责任时的有关索赔程序问题进行了分析;第五章对我国清污费用索赔立法体系完善的几点建议,笔者给出了关于清污费的主体、性质、范围以及索赔的途径。全文通过比较分析法、案例分析法和实地调查等方法,以清污费用的概念为基点,通过对国内外船舶油污事故中清污费用索赔的相关立法的比较分析,对清污费用的性质进行了界定,讨论了清污费用的索赔途径,并提出了完善我国船舶油污事故中清污费用索赔的几点建议。希望能对我国清污费用索赔的司法实践有所裨益。关键词:清污费;预防措施;清污权利主体;清污义务主体;保障机制英文摘要 AStudy on Claim fortheClean-up Costs forOil Pollution Damage from Ships Abstract With the on resources being explored quickly and themcreasing speed ofoil transportation,0il spill accidents frequentlyhappen andtherefore,much loss takesplace infishing and tourism theclean-up costs cannot bc pletely,the problems have study on thistopic isnecessary. Besides introduction andconclusion,the thesis can bedivided firstpartgives ageneral introduction totheclean-up costs inoilpollution accidents from ships,including concept,international,domestic and foreign legislationprofiles, aswell勰analysis ofsubjects ofright and obligation for theclean- second partanalyzes thelegal nature oftheclean-up costs inoilpollution accidents,and analyzes thecharacter pensation ofthecosts鹊civilliability,administrative liability,and civil oradministrativeliability thirdpart analyzes theclaimpatterns pensation ofthe totheclaim situation ofclean-up costs,they make ananalysis ofpros andcons pensation of the costs used forciviland administrative fourth part introducessome procedure problems ofsuing thecosts,which contains civiland administrativeways. The fifthpartputs forwardideas onhowtoperfect the relatedlegislations in China. The author make