多层建筑建筑工程毕业设计.doc

摘要随着城市化进程的加快, 城市建设的地下室越来越大, 越来越深, 这是城市建筑大型化、高层化以及充分利用地下室空间带来的结果,然而地下室属于隐蔽工程, 如果在今后使用过程中出现漏水现象, 后果将不堪设想, 因而地下室的防水工程就显得尤为重要和突出。虽然造成渗漏的原因有很多种,但其中比较重要的有这几种:设计、施工以及混凝土受温度等原因造成的变形裂缝等主要方面。本方案主要研究地下室以及在对地下室施工过程中所常见的问题,例如地下室墙体产生裂缝, 地下室发生渗漏,地下室超长混凝土结构施工中如何防止混凝土产生裂缝和混凝土的变形等等。经过研究本方案提出了如下解决办法: 设置后浇带。设置后浇带是为了释放变形产生的约束应力,所以是目前运用比较广泛的防止温度收缩变形产生裂缝的一种方法, 并且是扩大伸缩缝间距或者取消伸缩缝的有效措施;提高混凝土的抗渗能力。在混凝土中添加掺量为 ~ 3 的聚丙烯纤维, 有效地抑制混凝土早期干缩微裂及离析裂纹的产生及发展, 极大减少混凝土的收缩裂缝,尤其是有效抑制了连通裂缝的产生;均匀分布在混凝土中彼此相粘连的大量纤维起着“承托”骨料的作用,降低了混凝土表面的析水与骨料的离析,从而使混凝土中的孔隙含量大大降低,可以极大地提高抗渗能力。关键词: 地下室、防水、裂缝 1 ABSTRACT Along with urbanized advancement quickening, the urban construction basement ismore and more big, more and more deep, this isthe city construction large scale, the high stratification aswell asfully the result which brings using the basement space, however the basement belongs tothe concealed work, ifwill appear the water leakage phenomenon inthe next use process, the consequence will be inconceivable, thus the basement waterproof project will appear especially isimportant and isprominent. Although creates the leakage the reason tohave very many kinds, but quite important has these kinds: The design, the construction as well asthe concrete the strain crack which reasons and soontemperature iscreated and soonthe principal this plan main research basements aswell asintothe basement construction process mon question, for example the basement wall produce the crack, the basement have the leakage, how inthe basement ultra long concrete structure construction prevented the coagulation local product seams with concrete distortion and studied this plan topropose the following solution: 1establishment the pouring belt . establishment the pouring belt isinorder torelease the restraint stress which the distortion produces, therefore isatpresent utilizes quite widely prevented the temperature shrinkage strain has the crack one method, and isexpands the expansion joint spacing orcancels the expansion