十三、主谓一致
在英语中,句子的主语和谓语动词要保持数上的 一致 关系,叫主谓一致。
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这种关系通常要遵循下面的原则:
1、语法一致原则。
句子的主语是单数形式,谓语动词要用单数
形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:China has a long history .
Many people are studying English now.
2、意义一致原则。
即谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所
表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是复数意义。
如: The Chinese are hard-working.
中国人是勤劳的。
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(1)动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词做主语,
谓语动词用单数。
如:Listening to the tapes is helpful to our English study .
(2)表示时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等的词
或短语做主语时,表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数。
如:Ten years has passed.
10 kilometers is a long way to him . He is too tired .
(3)由and ,both…and连接的两个名词做主语,
表示两个不同的人或物时,谓语动词用复数。
指同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数。
如:The painter and the writer have come to our school.
( 画家和作家,两个人)
The painter and writer has come to our school .
(画家兼作家,同一个人)
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(4)不定代词(somebody, someone, something, anybody,
anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything ,
nobody, no one, nothing, each , every) 做主语时,
谓语动词用单数。
如:Lucy , someone is waiting for you at the gate .
Is everyone here?
(5)就远原则: 当主语部分含有with ,together with ,
as well as , besides , except , but ,l
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