现代汉语中主谓结构作定语现象考察.pdf

华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
现代汉语中主谓结构作定语现象考察
姓名:洪伶俐
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:语言学及应用语言学
指导教师:何洪峰
20050514
摘要
主谓结构作定语的语言形式即 S P 的 NP 结构是现代汉语中非常普遍也非常
有特色的一种结构这种结构既可以存在于词的层面也可以存在词组层面还可以
出现在句子层面同时在句子层面它可以出现在多种语法位置因为它本质上是
一个名词性结构所以名词性成分能够出现的位置它都能出现包括主语宾语
位置等
结构内部又可以分为两类这两类在形成过程句法表现语义特色和各成分之
间的语义关系等方面都表现出不同因此可以从不同的理论视角进行分析
然而它们毕竟具有共同的表现形式所以必定具有深层次的共同点从语法上
说结构中的 N 不能是谓词性成分从语义上说这种结构入句以后都存在跨层兼
格的现象从语用上说它们都揭示了说话者共同的心理现实
S P 的 NP 这种结构的普遍性不仅表现在它能出现的层面和句法位置上而
且表现在很多看似不是 S P 的 NP 的语言序列根据主语隐含的解释也可
以分析为 S P 的 NP 结构这样它的范围更加广泛更加引起我们的重视更加
值得研究




关键词主谓结构的结构句法层级成分提取句法空位
跨层兼格主语隐含
I
Abstract
The language form(S+P 的 NP) in which the Subject —predicate structure does the
attribute is a kind of very general and characteristic structure in Mandarin Chinese. This
kind of structure can exist not only on the aspect of word, but also on the aspect of phrase ,
further on the sentence aspect, at the same time, on the sentence aspect ,it can exist on many
kind of grammatical position ,because it is a noun structure in essence, so ,if in a position
noun can appear, it also can ,including the subject position, object position, etc.
This structure can be divided into two kinds, and those two kinds are different in such
respects as forming process, sentence structure displays, semantic characteristic and the
semantic relation between position, etc. So they can be analyzed from different
theory visual angles. However, they have mon form of expression after all, so, they
must have mon points. Seeing from grammar, in the structure, the
composition N can’t be a ponent; Seeing from semanteme, if the S+P 的 NP
structure enters a sentence, it will exist the “double case “phenomena; Seeing from the
pragmatic, they have both announced the speaker’mon psychological reality.
The university of “S+P 的 NP” structure is not only embodies in the aspect and the
sentence structure position it can appear, but also in that many language structures seem not