低轨卫星增强BDS卫星定轨技术探讨.docx

低轨卫星增强BDS卫星定轨技术探讨.docx低轨卫星增强BDS卫星定轨技术探讨
王乐燕兴元张勤黄观文秦志伟
长安大学地质工程与测绘学院
摘要：
针对BDS的GEO卫星与地面监测站的几何构型变化缓慢，导致其站星几何结构较 差、定轨精度较低，以及中国区域地面监测站难以对BDS IGSO和MEO卫星形成 连续多重覆盖观测，导致有效观测孤段较短、相对于基于全球地面监测站的定轨 精度低、影响BDS广播星历的服务性能等问题，探讨一种将载有星载GNSS接收 机的低轨卫星作为BDS卫星精密定轨的高动态监测站，联合BDS地面监测站数据, 同时解算BDS卫星轨道和钟差以及低轨卫星轨道等参数的技术。实验结果证明该 技术可极大改善测站与卫星的空间几何构型，增加有效观测孤长，实现多重覆 盖观测，进而提高BDS 3种类型卫星轨道的确定精度，提升BDS的服务性能。
关键词：
北斗系统;低轨卫星;地面监测站;精密定轨;广播星历;
作者简介：王乐（1986—）,男，山东蓬莱人，博士研究生，研究方向为卫星精 密定轨。
作者简介：张勤（1958—）,女，陕西西安人，博士，教授，研究方向为GNSS 数据处理等。
收稿日期：2017-03-27
基金：国家自然科学基金项目（41304033, 41674001）
Discussion on technology of BDS satellite orbit determination enhanced by LEO satellites
WANG Le YAN Xingyuan ZHANG Qin HUANG Guanwen QIN Zhiwei
College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,
Chang'an University;
Abstract：
Aiming at the problems that geometric configuration between BDS GEO satellites and ground monitoring stations changes slowly, resulting in poor geometric structure and low orbiting accuracy of GEO, and it is difficult for the regional ground monitoring stations in China to observe the BDS IGSO and MEO satellites continuously, leading to shorter effective observation arc and lower orbiting precision, comparing with the orbit determination based on global ground monitoring stations, which impacts the service performance of BDS broadcast ephemeris, the paper discussed a technology that the LEO satellites with spaceborne GNSS recievers were used as high dynamic monitoring stations for the precise orbiting of BDS, combining with ground regional monitoring stations to calculate BDS satellite orbit and clock errors and LEO satellite orbit parameters and so on at the same time. Experimental result showed that the technology could greatly improve the spatial geometrical structure between the stations and satellites, increase the effective observation arc length, achieve overlapping coverage observation, and then enhance the determination accuracy of the three types of BDS orbits and finally promote the performance of BDS ser