开放式干线公路过境设计的分析研究.pdf

摘要随着我国经济的快速发展,公路基础设施建设取得了巨大成就,但近年来我国道路交通事故却持续增长,给人民造成了巨大的生命财产损失。开放式干线公路,特别是其城镇段,由于自身的特点,交通安全形势也非常严峻。现有的公路过境设计研究大多关注高速公路与大型城市的衔接,而对安全状况较差的开放式干线公路过境中小城镇的情况则关注得不够。过去比较注重交通安全的事后改善,而不关注其事前预防。因此,在开放式干线公路过境设计中增加对交通安全的研究,变“事后型”为“事前型”,对减少事故隐患,提高安全水平,具有一定的意义。论文在分析事故统计资料的基础上,总结开放式干线公路城镇段的交通安全状况及事故特征并对在过境设计中如何考虑交通安全进行了探讨。论文通过分析公路一城镇交通系统的结构,指出开放式干线公路过境设计的总体思路。论文通过分析影响路线走向的冈素,提出确定路线走向的基本原则:通过分析城镇的空间演变及布局类型, 提出适应城镇空间布局的路线走向;通过分析开放式干线公路与路网的交通流冲突对交通安全的影响,提出这种冲突的体现指标和计算方法;最后提出确定开放式干线公路城镇段路线走向的方法。论文还利用优势指数法进行出入口通道的选择;提出出入口间距的设置标准;根据城镇段的交通特点,提山横断面布置的原则及方法。最后,论文按上述设计思路及方法进行实例应用与分析,获得了比较满意的结果,相比以往的做法有一些进步。关键词;开放式干线公路、城镇段、过境设计、交通安全、空间布局、交通流冲突、出入121 Abstract Abstract With therapid development ofChina’,the infrastructure constructions ofhighways have developed road idents has alsogrown continonsly,these has caused great losses of lifeand property toitsown characteristic,the traffic situation ofopen aterialhighway is very serious,especially atthetown-lot. The recent study Oiltransitdesign ofhighway focuses mote on thejoint between freeway and large city,but thestudy onthe situationthatopen aterialhighway goes by medium-small city&town very few, ofwhich thesafety condition much woi' research before concentrated oilthepostimprovement, not ’s important toincrease theresearch ontra街c safety inthetransit design ofopen ,by turning‘‘posf’to“prior'’,the accidentpotential allbereduced and thesafety can beimproved. Based on theanalyzations ofthe accident statistics,the trafficsafety conditions andthe accident characteristics ofthetown-lot ofopen arterialhighway are summarized;Then,how toconsider traffic safety inthetransitdesign discussed. The general idea ofthetransitdesign ofopen arterialhighway presented by analyzing thetraffic system ofhighway with town;Tthe fundamental principles todecide the route trend presented by analyzing thefactors thatinfluence the route trend;By analyzing the evolution and kind ofthet